Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research · 2026
Young Adults' Cannabis Environments and their Cannabis Use and Misuse.
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Oesterle Sabrina, McNeish Daniel, Guttmannova Katarina, Skinner Martie, Kuklinski Margaret R, Hawkins J David
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Considering the interplay between normative and legal aspects of young adults' cannabis environments may help improve cannabis use and misuse prevention and harm reduction among young people.
METHOD: Data came from 3,818 U.S. young adults (average age 23 years, SD = .49) living in diverse legal cannabis contexts (54.8% illegal, 17.7% medical legal; 27.8% non-medical legal). Cannabis norms were measured by young adults' perceptions of cannabis use and approval by parents, peers, spouse/partner, and community members. Logistic regressions estimated the separate, additive, and interactive associations of cannabis norms and legal permissiveness with young adults' past-year cannabis use and misuse, adjusting for past cannabis use and norms and other covariates.
RESULTS: Legal and normative permissiveness were highly correlated. However, only norms were independently associated with past-year cannabis use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 6.50, CI = [1.62, 5.05]), frequent past-month cannabis use (AOR = 5.58, CI = [3.94, 7.92]), and cannabis use disorder (AOR = 2.48, CI = [2.10, 2.94]) when examined together. The association between cannabis norms and use did not differ by legal permissiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: Changing cannabis norms in young adults' social environments beyond peers could be an impactful prevention and intervention strategy.
METHOD: Data came from 3,818 U.S. young adults (average age 23 years, SD = .49) living in diverse legal cannabis contexts (54.8% illegal, 17.7% medical legal; 27.8% non-medical legal). Cannabis norms were measured by young adults' perceptions of cannabis use and approval by parents, peers, spouse/partner, and community members. Logistic regressions estimated the separate, additive, and interactive associations of cannabis norms and legal permissiveness with young adults' past-year cannabis use and misuse, adjusting for past cannabis use and norms and other covariates.
RESULTS: Legal and normative permissiveness were highly correlated. However, only norms were independently associated with past-year cannabis use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 6.50, CI = [1.62, 5.05]), frequent past-month cannabis use (AOR = 5.58, CI = [3.94, 7.92]), and cannabis use disorder (AOR = 2.48, CI = [2.10, 2.94]) when examined together. The association between cannabis norms and use did not differ by legal permissiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: Changing cannabis norms in young adults' social environments beyond peers could be an impactful prevention and intervention strategy.