Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia · 2026
Integrating Virtual Reality into Cricothyrotomy Training: A Pilot Evaluation of Learner Confidence and Perceived Skills Transfer.
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Manji Adil Al-Karim, Puerta-Martinez Federico, Hannan Jacqueline, Dirini Noor, Rkaiby Jeannette, Brzezinski-Sinai Yitzhak, Matyal Robina, Levy Nadav, Winterton Dario
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether virtual reality can function as a preparatory adjunct to hands-on cricothyrotomy simulation by supporting procedural confidence and perceived transfer of training.
DESIGN: Prospective, single-arm pilot evaluation.
SETTING: A live airway management workshop incorporating simulation-based training.
PARTICIPANTS: Anesthesia providers.
INTERVENTIONS: Participants completed a guided virtual reality scalpel-bougie cricothyrotomy module immediately prior to performing cricothyrotomy on a physical task trainer.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Primary outcomes were changes in self-reported procedural confidence and perceived transfer of training from the virtual reality module to subsequent task-trainer performance. Self-reported confidence in performing key steps of scalpel-bougie cricothyrotomy increased modestly but significantly following the virtual reality module (composite confidence score increased from 2.51 ± 1.00 to 2.89 ± 0.91; p = 0.027). Most participants reported moderate or greater perceived transfer of skills from virtual reality to the physical task trainer, despite differences in tactile feedback. Cognitive load was rated as moderate, simulator-related symptoms were uncommon, and usability ratings were generally favorable. The physical task trainer was rated superior for tactile realism, whereas virtual reality better supported procedural understanding.
CONCLUSIONS: When integrated as a preparatory adjunct to hands-on simulation, virtual reality was associated with increased learner confidence and perceived transfer of training for cricothyrotomy. Virtual reality may support cognitive rehearsal without replacing tactile simulation.
DESIGN: Prospective, single-arm pilot evaluation.
SETTING: A live airway management workshop incorporating simulation-based training.
PARTICIPANTS: Anesthesia providers.
INTERVENTIONS: Participants completed a guided virtual reality scalpel-bougie cricothyrotomy module immediately prior to performing cricothyrotomy on a physical task trainer.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Primary outcomes were changes in self-reported procedural confidence and perceived transfer of training from the virtual reality module to subsequent task-trainer performance. Self-reported confidence in performing key steps of scalpel-bougie cricothyrotomy increased modestly but significantly following the virtual reality module (composite confidence score increased from 2.51 ± 1.00 to 2.89 ± 0.91; p = 0.027). Most participants reported moderate or greater perceived transfer of skills from virtual reality to the physical task trainer, despite differences in tactile feedback. Cognitive load was rated as moderate, simulator-related symptoms were uncommon, and usability ratings were generally favorable. The physical task trainer was rated superior for tactile realism, whereas virtual reality better supported procedural understanding.
CONCLUSIONS: When integrated as a preparatory adjunct to hands-on simulation, virtual reality was associated with increased learner confidence and perceived transfer of training for cricothyrotomy. Virtual reality may support cognitive rehearsal without replacing tactile simulation.