Integrating Virtual Reality into Cricothyrotomy Training: A Pilot Evaluation of Learner Confidence and Perceived Skills Transfer.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate whether virtual reality can function as a preparatory adjunct to hands-on cricothyrotomy simulation by supporting procedural confidence and perceived transfer of training.

DESIGN

Prospective, single-arm pilot evaluation.

SETTING

A live airway management workshop incorporating simulation-based training.

PARTICIPANTS

Anesthesia providers.

INTERVENTIONS: Participants completed a guided virtual reality scalpel-bougie cricothyrotomy module immediately prior to performing cricothyrotomy on a physical task trainer.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN

RESULTS

Primary outcomes were changes in self-reported procedural confidence and perceived transfer of training from the virtual reality module to subsequent task-trainer performance. Self-reported confidence in performing key steps of scalpel-bougie cricothyrotomy increased modestly but significantly following the virtual reality module (composite confidence score increased from 2.51 ± 1.00 to 2.89 ± 0.91; p = 0.027). Most participants reported moderate or greater perceived transfer of skills from virtual reality to the physical task trainer, despite differences in tactile feedback. Cognitive load was rated as moderate, simulator-related symptoms were uncommon, and usability ratings were generally favorable. The physical task trainer was rated superior for tactile realism, whereas virtual reality better supported procedural understanding.

CONCLUSIONS

When integrated as a preparatory adjunct to hands-on simulation, virtual reality was associated with increased learner confidence and perceived transfer of training for cricothyrotomy. Virtual reality may support cognitive rehearsal without replacing tactile simulation.