Identification of Linkages Between the NANDA-I Nursing Diagnosis Impaired End-of-Life Comfort Syndrome, NOC, and NIC for Individuals in End-of-Life Care.

AimTo identify linkages using interoperable standardized nursing terminologies of NANDA-International (NANDA-I), Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC), and Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) - for the "Impaired End-of-Life Comfort Syndrome" nursing diagnosis for guiding nurses' decision-making in promoting comfort in end-of-life care.MethodsUsing a consensus process, a research group of six experts with clinical and theoretical expertise developed the NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC (NNN) linkages in a multistep process. In the first step, for each nursing diagnosis, outcomes aligned with all its components were categorized. Then, relevant nursing interventions were identified. The whole process was supported by a preliminary literature review to inform the consensus process and support decision-making during linkage development.FindingsA total of 46 NOC nursing outcomes were identified to guide care based on the syndrome, and 29 NIC interventions were identified as suggested interventions for the management of Impaired End-of-Life Comfort Syndrome, reflecting the multidimensional nature of end-of-life comfort.ConclusionsThe NNN linkages selected provide a solid foundation for consensus-derived framework to support person-centered nursing care planning, offer an opportunity to make nursing care visible, and promote comfort in end-of-life care.Implications for Nursing PracticeThe identified linkages between NANDA-I, NOC, and NIC provide a consensus-derived framework to support nursing care decision-making and promote comfort in end-of-life care.