Coping strategies for managing medication side effects among patients with chronic diseases in Northwest Ethiopia: An interpretive phenomenological study.

BACKGROUND

Chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, and arthritis often require lifelong pharmacotherapy. Medication side effects can negatively affect patients' quality of life and adherence. Understanding how patients cope with these side effects is essential for improving patient-centered care.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the coping strategies used by patients with chronic diseases to manage medication-related side effects in Northwest Ethiopia.

METHODS

An interpretive phenomenological study was conducted in five hospitals in the Amhara region between May and August 2025. Forty-seven adults experiencing medication side effects were purposively selected. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically using Open Code version 4.03.

RESULTS

Four major themes and nine subthemes emerged. Patients coped with side effects by modifying medication use (stopping, reducing, or changing timing), relying on faith and positive thinking, seeking alternative treatments (e.g., herbal remedies or traditional healers), and obtaining support from healthcare providers, family, and friends. While self-modification of medication sometimes provided temporary relief, it posed potential risks. In contrast, support from healthcare providers and social networks enhanced adherence and psychological resilience.

CONCLUSION

Patients in Ethiopia use diverse, culturally rooted strategies to cope with medication side effects. Some practices may compromise treatment effectiveness, highlighting the need for proactive, culturally sensitive interventions that combine patient education, spiritual support, and improved patient-provider communication to promote safe medication use, adherence, and overall well-being.