JAACAP open · 2025
The Role of Resilience and Support From Others in the Association Between Family Support and Internalizing Symptoms in Spanish-Speaking Trans and Nonbinary Youth.
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Jiménez-Granado Aitor, Rodriguez-Gonzalez Sara, Prieto-Fidalgo Ángel, Molina Laura, Calvete Esther
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: The family support of trans and nonbinary (TNB) youth is usually the lowest perceived source of support, which is associated with higher internalizing symptoms. In this study, we examined whether other sources of support and individual-level resilience might compensate for the lack of family support in the development of symptoms.
METHOD: A total of 225 Spanish-speaking (74.7% Spaniards) TNB youths (59.56% men, 13.78% women, and 26.67% nonbinary) between 12 and 25 years of age (mean age = 20.45 years, SD = 2.50 years) completed measures of family support, support from friends, support from a "special person," individual-level resilience, and internalizing symptoms. The relationships were assessed through path analysis.
RESULTS: Family support was the lowest perceived source of support. The path analyses revealed that family support (b = -0.16, p = .002), support from friends (b = -0.12, p = .016), and individual-level resilience (b = -0.25, p < .001) were negatively related to internalizing symptoms. In particular, family support was associated with lower levels of internalizing symptoms when individual-level resilience was high (b = -0.29, t = -4.54, p < .001) and in younger individuals (b = -0.24, t = -3.37, p = .001).
CONCLUSION: Although family support is strongly related to lower internalizing symptoms among TNB youth, this study showed that individual-level resilience is a moderator of this relationship. Although a causal pathway cannot be established, interventions should strengthen both family support and individual-level resilience to help TNB youth improve their internalizing symptoms.
METHOD: A total of 225 Spanish-speaking (74.7% Spaniards) TNB youths (59.56% men, 13.78% women, and 26.67% nonbinary) between 12 and 25 years of age (mean age = 20.45 years, SD = 2.50 years) completed measures of family support, support from friends, support from a "special person," individual-level resilience, and internalizing symptoms. The relationships were assessed through path analysis.
RESULTS: Family support was the lowest perceived source of support. The path analyses revealed that family support (b = -0.16, p = .002), support from friends (b = -0.12, p = .016), and individual-level resilience (b = -0.25, p < .001) were negatively related to internalizing symptoms. In particular, family support was associated with lower levels of internalizing symptoms when individual-level resilience was high (b = -0.29, t = -4.54, p < .001) and in younger individuals (b = -0.24, t = -3.37, p = .001).
CONCLUSION: Although family support is strongly related to lower internalizing symptoms among TNB youth, this study showed that individual-level resilience is a moderator of this relationship. Although a causal pathway cannot be established, interventions should strengthen both family support and individual-level resilience to help TNB youth improve their internalizing symptoms.