Nutrition journal · 2025
Dietary nitrosyl-heme from processed meats and its association with colorectal cancer risk: findings from the EPIC cohort study.
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Rizzolo-Brime Lucía, Lujan-Barroso Leila, Farran-Codina Andreu, Bou Ricard, Nicolas Genevieve, Huybrechts Inge, Lasheras Cristina, Montes Esther Molina, Colorado-Yohar Sandra, Gasque Alba, Dahm Christina C, Bock Niels, Olsen Anja, Tjønneland Anne, Katzke Verena, le Cornet Charlotte, Schulze Matthias B, Saieva Calogero, Sieri Sabina, De Magistris Maria Santucci, Tumino Rosario, Macciotta Alessandra, Wareham Nick, Weiderpass Elisabete, Chatziioannou Chrysovalantou, Vineis Paolo, Jakszyn Paula
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Processed meat (PM) consumption is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). It has been hypothesized that nitrosyl-heme, formed by the addition of nitrites during meat processing, may enhance the carcinogenic effects of PMs. This study aims to investigate the association between nitrosyl-heme intake and CRC risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition(EPIC) study.
METHODS: This prospective study included 367,463 participants(70.3% women) from seven countries from the EPIC-study. Dietary data were collected via baseline questionnaires, and nitrosyl-heme exposure was estimated using biochemical data from 52 Spanish PMs, extrapolated to country-specific items. Sex-specific multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS: Over a 15-year median follow-up, 5,115 incident CRC cases were identified. Comparing the highest vs. the lowest sex-specific tertile of nitrosyl-heme intake we found no significant association with CRC risk (HRT3vsT1:1.01;95%CI:0.93-1.09). Subgroup analyses by tumor subtype and interactions with lifestyle factors also showed no associations.
CONCLUSIONS: This study offers insights into nitrosyl-heme exposure in European populations but found no link to CRC risk. Further research is needed to understand nitrosyl-heme's role in CRC.
METHODS: This prospective study included 367,463 participants(70.3% women) from seven countries from the EPIC-study. Dietary data were collected via baseline questionnaires, and nitrosyl-heme exposure was estimated using biochemical data from 52 Spanish PMs, extrapolated to country-specific items. Sex-specific multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS: Over a 15-year median follow-up, 5,115 incident CRC cases were identified. Comparing the highest vs. the lowest sex-specific tertile of nitrosyl-heme intake we found no significant association with CRC risk (HRT3vsT1:1.01;95%CI:0.93-1.09). Subgroup analyses by tumor subtype and interactions with lifestyle factors also showed no associations.
CONCLUSIONS: This study offers insights into nitrosyl-heme exposure in European populations but found no link to CRC risk. Further research is needed to understand nitrosyl-heme's role in CRC.