A Cross-sectional Study on Knowledge, Perception, and Willingness Among Saudi Population Towards Stem Cell Treatment and Banking: Associated Factors and their Predictive Abilities.

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, perception, and willingness of the Saudi population towards stem cell treatment and banking, the associated factors, and their predictive abilities.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2022 in Saudi Arabia using a structured bilingual, self-administered online survey to collect sociodemographic information and determine the knowledge and understanding, perception, and willingness of the general population. Bloom's cut-off points were used to distribute the scores into three categories, namely strong (80-100%), moderate (60-79%), and weak (<59%). Descriptive statistics were used to assess each domain, while t-tests, ANOVA, and binary logistic regression were used to assess factors influencing each domain and their predictive abilities.

RESULTS

The study conscripted 440 respondents, mainly females (70%) aged 18-24 years (56.1%), mostly single (44.3%), Saudi nationals (89%), and college graduates (56.6%). Social media (53.4%) was the primary source of information. 77.95% of respondents exhibited a low level of knowledge. Females, Saudi nationals, respondents with Islamic beliefs, college graduates, and those who received information from family physicians and social media had significantly better knowledge. 50.68% of respondents showed a strong perception. Non-Saudi participants, those who received information from family and friends, and respondents with a high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in their families had a better perception. However, only 21.59% showed strong willingness toward stem cell treatment and banking, including Saudi nationals and college graduates. Gender was found to be a significant predictor for better knowledge and perception, while no sociodemographic variables significantly predicted willingness.

CONCLUSION

This study emphasizes the need for increased awareness, educational campaigns, and targeted strategies considering various socio-demographic factors to improve the knowledge, perception, and willingness of the general population toward stem cell treatments and banking in Saudi Arabia.