HIV Superinfection in Kidney Transplant Recipients With HIV Who Received Organs From Donors With HIV.

Transplantation of kidneys from donors with HIV to recipients with HIV (HIV D+/R+) has been shown to be safe and effective, but there is a unique risk of donor-derived HIV superinfection (HIV-SI) in these recipients. Recipients from a multicenter observational HIV D+/R+ study were examined for HIV-SI by site-directed next-generation sequencing (Illumina). Eighteen recipients of HIV D+/R+ kidney transplants had baseline and follow-up samples that successfully amplified. One recipient was confirmed to have experienced donor-derived HIV-SI at week 26 but did not experience any clinically significant changes. HIV-SI in recipients of HIV D+/R+ transplants is rare, and the clinical ramifications appear negligible.