Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine · 2025
Cumulative Incidence of Dysentery Among Under-Five Children in Underprivileged Urban Areas of Bhopal: A One-Year Cohort Study.
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Sabde Yogesh D, Mandal Uday K, Yadav Vikas, Trushna Tanwi, Tiwari Rajnarayan R, Diwan Vishal
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Diarrheal diseases along with dysentery, remain a significant cause of illness and death among children under five in developing regions. This study aimed to determine the 1-year cumulative incidence of dysentery and examine its association with socio-environmental factors among underprivileged urban populations in Bhopal.
METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study involving 620 children under five recruited from both slum areas and Basic Services for Urban Poor (BSUP) colonies in Bhopal. Monthly follow-ups were carried out for 1 year to document incident dysentery cases (acute diarrhea with visible blood in stool) and gather socio-environmental data. Cumulative incidence of dysentery was calculated. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associations between these socio-environmental variables and dysentery incidence.
RESULTS: Overall, 15.4% of children experienced dysentery over 1 year. Children in slum areas showed a significantly higher cumulative incidence (19.0%) compared with those residing in BSUP colonies (11.7%). Multivariable logistic regression confirmed that living in a slum was associated with an elevated risk (adjusted OR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.13-3.02; P = 0.015). Other variables-such as age, sex, socioeconomic status, water source, sanitation, and in-home hygiene indicators-were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: The findings reveal a substantial burden of dysentery among underprivileged children in urban Bhopal, particularly within slum environments. These results highlight the potential health benefits of improved housing and sanitation, as evidenced by lower dysentery incidence in BSUP areas. Targeted public health interventions are warranted to alleviate the impact of dysentery in vulnerable communities.
METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study involving 620 children under five recruited from both slum areas and Basic Services for Urban Poor (BSUP) colonies in Bhopal. Monthly follow-ups were carried out for 1 year to document incident dysentery cases (acute diarrhea with visible blood in stool) and gather socio-environmental data. Cumulative incidence of dysentery was calculated. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associations between these socio-environmental variables and dysentery incidence.
RESULTS: Overall, 15.4% of children experienced dysentery over 1 year. Children in slum areas showed a significantly higher cumulative incidence (19.0%) compared with those residing in BSUP colonies (11.7%). Multivariable logistic regression confirmed that living in a slum was associated with an elevated risk (adjusted OR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.13-3.02; P = 0.015). Other variables-such as age, sex, socioeconomic status, water source, sanitation, and in-home hygiene indicators-were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: The findings reveal a substantial burden of dysentery among underprivileged children in urban Bhopal, particularly within slum environments. These results highlight the potential health benefits of improved housing and sanitation, as evidenced by lower dysentery incidence in BSUP areas. Targeted public health interventions are warranted to alleviate the impact of dysentery in vulnerable communities.