Journal of general internal medicine · 2026
The Association Between Burnout and Sociodemographic Characteristics with Medical School Attrition.
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Nguyen Mytien, Fancher Tonya L, Desai Mayur M, Venkataraman Shruthi, Chaudhry Sarwat I, Kandala Keervani, Mason Hyacinth Rc, Boatright Dowin
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Despite increased efforts to improve student well-being, burnout remains a substantial problem in medical education, and little is known about whether burnout is associated with attrition among medical students across sociodemographic characteristics.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate association between burnout and attrition from medical school across sociodemographic characteristics.
DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study.
SETTING: MD-granting US medical schools.
PARTICIPANTS: Enrolled medical students who completed the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Year 2 Questionnaire from 2015-2021.
MEASUREMENTS: Burnout, assessed using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for Medical Students and attrition from medical school.
RESULTS: Among 62,838 MD Year 2 students in the study cohort, 1,014 (1.6%) left medical school. Female students were less likely to report disengagement-related burnout (aRR:0.80, 95%CI: 0.77-0.83). Compared to White students, Asian (aRR:1.22, 95%CI:1.15-1.28), Black (aRR:1.12, 95%CI:1.05-1.21), and LGB students had a significantly higher risk of disengagement (aRR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.27-1.40). Similar differences were found for exhaustion-related burnout, with the exception that female students were more likely than male students to be at high risk for exhaustion (aRR:1.37, 95%CI:1.32-1.42). Exhaustion and disengagement were significantly associated with attrition. Compared to the lowest quartile of reported burnout, students reporting exhaustion in the highest quartile were 2-times more likely to leave medical school and students with disengagement were 3-times more likely. Non-White and White female LGB, and non-White male LGB students reporting exhaustion and disengagement in the highest quartile were most likely to leave medical school.
LIMITATIONS: The AAMC Year 2 Questionnaire historically has a response rate of 45-55%, which limits generalizability.
CONCLUSIONS: High levels of burnout is associated with twice the risk of attrition for all students. Female, non-White, and LGB students with high risk of burnout were significantly more likely to leave medical school. These findings highlight a need to improve well-being and retention for students at high risk for attrition, including female, non-White, LGB students with high risk for burnout.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate association between burnout and attrition from medical school across sociodemographic characteristics.
DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study.
SETTING: MD-granting US medical schools.
PARTICIPANTS: Enrolled medical students who completed the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) Year 2 Questionnaire from 2015-2021.
MEASUREMENTS: Burnout, assessed using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for Medical Students and attrition from medical school.
RESULTS: Among 62,838 MD Year 2 students in the study cohort, 1,014 (1.6%) left medical school. Female students were less likely to report disengagement-related burnout (aRR:0.80, 95%CI: 0.77-0.83). Compared to White students, Asian (aRR:1.22, 95%CI:1.15-1.28), Black (aRR:1.12, 95%CI:1.05-1.21), and LGB students had a significantly higher risk of disengagement (aRR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.27-1.40). Similar differences were found for exhaustion-related burnout, with the exception that female students were more likely than male students to be at high risk for exhaustion (aRR:1.37, 95%CI:1.32-1.42). Exhaustion and disengagement were significantly associated with attrition. Compared to the lowest quartile of reported burnout, students reporting exhaustion in the highest quartile were 2-times more likely to leave medical school and students with disengagement were 3-times more likely. Non-White and White female LGB, and non-White male LGB students reporting exhaustion and disengagement in the highest quartile were most likely to leave medical school.
LIMITATIONS: The AAMC Year 2 Questionnaire historically has a response rate of 45-55%, which limits generalizability.
CONCLUSIONS: High levels of burnout is associated with twice the risk of attrition for all students. Female, non-White, and LGB students with high risk of burnout were significantly more likely to leave medical school. These findings highlight a need to improve well-being and retention for students at high risk for attrition, including female, non-White, LGB students with high risk for burnout.