Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
A multifunctional Fe3O4@Au-HPG-Glc theranostic platform for MRI/fluorescence-guided photothermal ablation of osteosarcoma.
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Xiong Shengren, Zheng Xiaomei, Wu Zhe, Wu Shenghui, Yao Zhongliang, Zheng Weilin
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The clinical management of osteosarcoma is challenged by its aggressive growth and deep anatomical location. Photothermal therapy offers a minimally invasive approach through localized thermal ablation, but its effectiveness is constrained by poor tissue penetration and inaccurate targeting of deep tumors without real-time guidance.
METHODS: We synthesized flower-like Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles coated with hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) and conjugated with glucose (Glc) (Fe3O4@Au-HPG-Glc). In an osteosarcoma mouse model, the photothermal efficacy of the nanoprobes was evaluated by comparing two groups: the control group receiving phosphate-buffered saline plus laser irradiation (phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) + Laser) and the treatment group receiving Fe3O4@Au-HPG-Glc nanoprobes plus laser irradiation (NPs + Laser). Intratumoral temperature was monitored by infrared thermography, with longitudinal tracking of tumor volume and body weight. Major organs were examined by H&E staining. Tumor accumulation was assessed via whole-body fluorescence and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); pharmacokinetics and biodistribution were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
RESULTS: The NPs + Laser regimen produced rapid intratumoral heating during the 0-4 min irradiation window and significantly delayed tumor growth compared with the PBS + Laser control group, with stable body weight and no overt organ lesions on H&E staining. Whole-body fluorescence and T2-weighted MRI confirmed tumor-site accumulation of the nanoprobes. ICP-MS-based pharmacokinetic and biodistribution analyses provided quantitative exposure context, including systemic clearance, reticuloendothelial system capture, and measurable tumor uptake. Together, these data facilitated interpretation of the subsequent photothermal response.
DISCUSSION: Flower-like Fe3O4@Au-HPG-Glc enables image-guided photothermal treatment in an osteosarcoma model, supported by quantitative pharmacokinetic and biodistribution measurements and an acceptable short-course safety profile. This work establishes a clear imaging-exposure-response relationship and provides a strong foundation for further optimization of magnetic-optical combination strategies in precision cancer therapy.
METHODS: We synthesized flower-like Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles coated with hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) and conjugated with glucose (Glc) (Fe3O4@Au-HPG-Glc). In an osteosarcoma mouse model, the photothermal efficacy of the nanoprobes was evaluated by comparing two groups: the control group receiving phosphate-buffered saline plus laser irradiation (phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) + Laser) and the treatment group receiving Fe3O4@Au-HPG-Glc nanoprobes plus laser irradiation (NPs + Laser). Intratumoral temperature was monitored by infrared thermography, with longitudinal tracking of tumor volume and body weight. Major organs were examined by H&E staining. Tumor accumulation was assessed via whole-body fluorescence and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); pharmacokinetics and biodistribution were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
RESULTS: The NPs + Laser regimen produced rapid intratumoral heating during the 0-4 min irradiation window and significantly delayed tumor growth compared with the PBS + Laser control group, with stable body weight and no overt organ lesions on H&E staining. Whole-body fluorescence and T2-weighted MRI confirmed tumor-site accumulation of the nanoprobes. ICP-MS-based pharmacokinetic and biodistribution analyses provided quantitative exposure context, including systemic clearance, reticuloendothelial system capture, and measurable tumor uptake. Together, these data facilitated interpretation of the subsequent photothermal response.
DISCUSSION: Flower-like Fe3O4@Au-HPG-Glc enables image-guided photothermal treatment in an osteosarcoma model, supported by quantitative pharmacokinetic and biodistribution measurements and an acceptable short-course safety profile. This work establishes a clear imaging-exposure-response relationship and provides a strong foundation for further optimization of magnetic-optical combination strategies in precision cancer therapy.