Frontiers in physiology · 2026
High-intensity interval training as a cognitive enhancement strategy for executive function in overweight female university Students.
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Li Li, Sun Lin Fang
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Overweight female university students are vulnerable to sedentary behavior, reduced physical fitness, and impaired executive function. This study examined the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on executive function in overweight female university students.
METHODS: This randomized controlled pretest-posttest study involved 80 overweight female university students who were assigned to an exercise group (n = 40) or a control group (n = 40). The exercise group completed an eight-week supervised HIIT program, three sessions per week, while the control group maintained usual daily activities. Executive function was assessed using the Stroop Color-Word Test, Trail Making Test Part B, and Digit Span Test. Anthropometric variables were also measured.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the HIIT group demonstrated greater improvements in executive function. Stroop interference time decreased from 58.42 ± 7.35 to 49.86 ± 6.91 s in the HIIT group, compared with 57.89 ± 7.12 to 55.94 ± 7.28 s in the control group (group × time: F = 8.74, p = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.107). TMT-B completion time decreased from 74.35 ± 9.84 to 63.12 ± 8.76 s, compared with 73.91 ± 10.11 to 70.85 ± 9.94 s (F = 10.21, p = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.121). Digit Span total score increased from 11.24 ± 1.86 to 13.08 ± 1.94, compared with 11.31 ± 1.79 to 11.86 ± 1.83 (F = 7.69, p = 0.007, ηp2 = 0.095). Significant reductions in body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference were also observed in the HIIT group compared with the control group.
CONCLUSION: High-intensity interval training is an effective and time-efficient strategy for improving executive function and anthropometric outcomes in overweight female university students.
METHODS: This randomized controlled pretest-posttest study involved 80 overweight female university students who were assigned to an exercise group (n = 40) or a control group (n = 40). The exercise group completed an eight-week supervised HIIT program, three sessions per week, while the control group maintained usual daily activities. Executive function was assessed using the Stroop Color-Word Test, Trail Making Test Part B, and Digit Span Test. Anthropometric variables were also measured.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the HIIT group demonstrated greater improvements in executive function. Stroop interference time decreased from 58.42 ± 7.35 to 49.86 ± 6.91 s in the HIIT group, compared with 57.89 ± 7.12 to 55.94 ± 7.28 s in the control group (group × time: F = 8.74, p = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.107). TMT-B completion time decreased from 74.35 ± 9.84 to 63.12 ± 8.76 s, compared with 73.91 ± 10.11 to 70.85 ± 9.94 s (F = 10.21, p = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.121). Digit Span total score increased from 11.24 ± 1.86 to 13.08 ± 1.94, compared with 11.31 ± 1.79 to 11.86 ± 1.83 (F = 7.69, p = 0.007, ηp2 = 0.095). Significant reductions in body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference were also observed in the HIIT group compared with the control group.
CONCLUSION: High-intensity interval training is an effective and time-efficient strategy for improving executive function and anthropometric outcomes in overweight female university students.