Effectiveness of Original Monovalent and Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization and Severe In-Hospital Outcomes Among Adults in the United States, September 2022-August 2023.
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DeCuir Jennifer, Surie Diya, Zhu Yuwei, Lauring Adam S, Gaglani Manjusha, McNeal Tresa, Ghamande Shekhar, Peltan Ithan D, Brown Samuel M, Ginde Adit A, Steinwand Aimee, Mohr Nicholas M, Gibbs Kevin W, Hager David N, Ali Harith, Frosch Anne, Gong Michelle N, Mohamed Amira, Johnson Nicholas J, Srinivasan Vasisht, Steingrub Jay S, Khan Akram, Busse Laurence W, Duggal Abhijit, Wilson Jennifer G, Qadir Nida, Chang Steven Y, Mallow Christopher, Kwon Jennie H, Exline Matthew C, Shapiro Nathan I, Columbus Cristie, Vaughn Ivana A, Ramesh Mayur, Safdar Basmah, Mosier Jarrod M, Casey Jonathan D, Talbot H Keipp, Rice Todd W, Halasa Natasha, Chappell James D, Grijalva Carlos G, Baughman Adrienne, Womack Kelsey N, Rhoads Jillian P, Swan Sydney A, Johnson Cassandra, Lewis Nathaniel, Ellington Sascha, Dawood Fatimah S, McMorrow Meredith, Self Wesley H, Investigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network
Аннотация
METHODS: During September 8, 2022 to August 31, 2023, adults aged ≥ 18 years hospitalized with COVID-19-like illness were enrolled at 26 hospitals in 20 US states. Using a test-negative case-control design, we estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) with multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, admission date, and geographic region.
RESULTS: Among 7028 patients, 2924 (41.6%) were COVID-19 case patients, and 4104 (58.4%) were control patients. Compared to unvaccinated patients, absolute VE against COVID-19-associated hospitalization was 6% (-7%-17%) for original monovalent doses only (median time since last dose [IQR] = 421 days [304-571]), 52% (39%-61%) for a bivalent dose received 7-89 days earlier, and 13% (-10%-31%) for a bivalent dose received 90-179 days earlier. Absolute VE against COVID-19-associated invasive mechanical ventilation or death was 51% (34%-63%) for original monovalent doses only, 61% (35%-77%) for a bivalent dose received 7-89 days earlier, and 50% (11%-71%) for a bivalent dose received 90-179 days earlier.
CONCLUSION: Bivalent vaccination provided protection against COVID-19-associated hospitalization and severe in-hospital outcomes within 3 months of receipt, followed by a decline in protection to a level similar to that remaining from previous original monovalent vaccination by 3-6 months. These results underscore the benefit of remaining up to date with recommended COVID-19 vaccines.