International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026
Evaluation of an automated workflow for TSN-based bounded-latency communication in ISO IEEE 11073 SDC-based medical networks.
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Dohms Maja, Wickel Noah, Radermacher Klaus, Janß Armin
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Interoperable, vendor-independent communication between medical devices in operating rooms has been enabled by the ISO IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) standard since 2019. However, mechanisms for predictable and deterministic transmission behavior have not yet been standardized. One approach to enable bounded-latency communication is the use of Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), an extension of standard Ethernet that enables time-synchronized and controlled data transmission to achieve reliable and time-deterministic data delivery.
METHODS: We implemented and evaluated the integration of TSN into SDC-based medical networks to provide bounded-latency communication through time-division mechanisms. An automated process was developed to extract transmission requirements from SDC devices and generate TSN configuration files for network deployment. The evaluation was conducted in a prototype SDC network under realistic traffic conditions. Furthermore, an SDC library designed with the aim of enabling faster data transmission via QUIC was used in the evaluation.
RESULTS: Automated TSN configuration is technically feasible and can improve bounded-latency communication in busy networks. With appropriately dimensioned schedules, the maximum SDC latency remains within the same range under high background traffic as under unloaded conditions. However, improperly dimensioned transmission windows can cause instability, connection loss and latency peaks of up to four times the planned transmission time.
CONCLUSION: SDC with TSN offers a promising approach for achieving bounded-latency communication in interoperable medical networks. Further optimization is required to eliminate latency peaks and meet the timing requirements of safety-critical medical applications.
METHODS: We implemented and evaluated the integration of TSN into SDC-based medical networks to provide bounded-latency communication through time-division mechanisms. An automated process was developed to extract transmission requirements from SDC devices and generate TSN configuration files for network deployment. The evaluation was conducted in a prototype SDC network under realistic traffic conditions. Furthermore, an SDC library designed with the aim of enabling faster data transmission via QUIC was used in the evaluation.
RESULTS: Automated TSN configuration is technically feasible and can improve bounded-latency communication in busy networks. With appropriately dimensioned schedules, the maximum SDC latency remains within the same range under high background traffic as under unloaded conditions. However, improperly dimensioned transmission windows can cause instability, connection loss and latency peaks of up to four times the planned transmission time.
CONCLUSION: SDC with TSN offers a promising approach for achieving bounded-latency communication in interoperable medical networks. Further optimization is required to eliminate latency peaks and meet the timing requirements of safety-critical medical applications.