Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2026
Mixed exposure to PFAS and OPEs is associated with increased depressive and anxiety symptoms in college freshmen.
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Zhong Xiangfei, Gong Shi-Yi, Liang Gang, Pan Chen-Wei, Zhang Ming, Li Dan-Lin, Zhang Tianyang
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To examine individual and mixture associations of PFAS and OPEs with depressive and anxiety symptoms among college freshmen.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1,247 Chinese freshmen with serum PFAS/OPE measurements and SDS/SAS scores. Associations were estimated using multiple linear regression, WQS regression, and BKMR, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle covariates.
RESULTS: In adjusted WQS models, each one-quartile increase in the mixture index was associated with higher depression (β=1.42; 95% CI, 0.28-2.56) and anxiety scores (β=1.96; 95% CI, 0.77-3.15). BKMR showed positive but imprecise mixture trends and identified PFHpA as a relatively important contributor.
CONCLUSIONS: PFAS/OPE co-exposure was associated with greater depressive and anxiety symptoms, supporting mixture-based assessment of environmental mental health risks.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1,247 Chinese freshmen with serum PFAS/OPE measurements and SDS/SAS scores. Associations were estimated using multiple linear regression, WQS regression, and BKMR, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle covariates.
RESULTS: In adjusted WQS models, each one-quartile increase in the mixture index was associated with higher depression (β=1.42; 95% CI, 0.28-2.56) and anxiety scores (β=1.96; 95% CI, 0.77-3.15). BKMR showed positive but imprecise mixture trends and identified PFHpA as a relatively important contributor.
CONCLUSIONS: PFAS/OPE co-exposure was associated with greater depressive and anxiety symptoms, supporting mixture-based assessment of environmental mental health risks.