Histology and histopathology · 2026
High expression of glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B is associated with resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer.
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Xu Xiaofan, Cao Yuanyuan, Kong Xueying, Wang Jingyi, Wu Ziwei, Li Qiurong
Аннотация
AIMS: This retrospective single-center study aimed to investigate the expression of glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) and its association with clinicopathological parameters, Miller-Payer (MP) grading, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), and prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
METHODS: A total of 50 female patients with TNBC, who were subjected to NAC followed by surgery between January 2010 and March 2024 at Jinling Hospital (Nanjing Medical University, China), were included in this study. The formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) core biopsy and excision samples of these patients were obtained from the pathology department. The FFPE samples were subjected to histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, proliferation marker Ki-67, and GPNMB. The response of excision FFPE samples to NAC was evaluated by H&E staining with an MP grading system. Finally, the relationship between GPNMB expression and clinicopathological parameters, MP grade, and prognosis of patients with TNBC was statistically analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods. Functional experiments of GPNMB in TNBC cells were carried out in vitro.
RESULTS: Positive expression of GPNMB was significantly associated with low MP grade and poor prognosis of patients with TNBC. Knockdown of GPNMB suppressed proliferation and migration, promoted apoptosis, and enhanced chemosensitivity in TNBC cells.
CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that GPNMB expression can serve as a potential biomarker for predicting the pathological response to NAC (in addition to MP grading) and as a prognostic marker for TNBC. The important limitation of this study is the small number of patients; further validation is needed.
METHODS: A total of 50 female patients with TNBC, who were subjected to NAC followed by surgery between January 2010 and March 2024 at Jinling Hospital (Nanjing Medical University, China), were included in this study. The formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) core biopsy and excision samples of these patients were obtained from the pathology department. The FFPE samples were subjected to histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, proliferation marker Ki-67, and GPNMB. The response of excision FFPE samples to NAC was evaluated by H&E staining with an MP grading system. Finally, the relationship between GPNMB expression and clinicopathological parameters, MP grade, and prognosis of patients with TNBC was statistically analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods. Functional experiments of GPNMB in TNBC cells were carried out in vitro.
RESULTS: Positive expression of GPNMB was significantly associated with low MP grade and poor prognosis of patients with TNBC. Knockdown of GPNMB suppressed proliferation and migration, promoted apoptosis, and enhanced chemosensitivity in TNBC cells.
CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that GPNMB expression can serve as a potential biomarker for predicting the pathological response to NAC (in addition to MP grading) and as a prognostic marker for TNBC. The important limitation of this study is the small number of patients; further validation is needed.