New Zealand veterinary journal · 2026
Catheter diameter is a better parameter than bodyweight to estimate the ideal lavage volume in blind bronchoalveolar lavage in dogs.
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Jagdhane R, Cave N J, Cattin R P, Short E
Аннотация
AIMS: To investigate whether the diameter of the bronchoalveolar lavage catheter or the bodyweight of the dog determines the volume of lavage solution required to fill the airways distal to the catheter tip and to determine whether placing a dog in lateral recumbency increases the chance of sampling the dependent lung.
METHODS: In a prospective randomised study, ten canine cadavers were positioned in either left or right recumbency. Two catheters (8 and 12 Fr) were inserted into the lungs of each cadaver, with the recumbency changed after placement of the first catheter for passage of the second. The frequency with which each catheter was placed in the dependent lung when first passed was determined using CT. The catheter was repositioned if necessary to ensure that one passed into each lung before contrast was instilled. A total of 25 mL of diluted iohexol was instilled per catheter in 5 mL increments, starting with 10 mL. The lungs were scanned using CT with 1-mm slice thickness after each increment. The volume of contrast medium instilled at which it first overflowed beyond a focal region of accumulation was determined by a blinded board-certified radiologist.
RESULTS: The median bodyweight of the cadavers was 21.2 (min 5.0, max 39.4) kg. Overflow volume was positively associated with catheter size (p = 0.012). There was no evidence of a relationship between bodyweight and the overflow volume for the 8 Fr (p = 0.873) or 12 Fr (p = 0.917) catheters. The median overflow volume was 10 (min 10, max 15) mL for the 8 Fr catheter, and 15 mL (min 10, max 25) mL for the 12 Fr catheter. Of the 10 catheters first passed, eight went into the dependent lung, whereas 6/10 of the second catheters passed into the contralateral lung.
CONCLUSION: The volume of lavage solution required to fill the airways distal to the catheter tip may be better determined by the diameter of the catheter than the bodyweight of the dog. Passing the catheter in lateral recumbency may increase the chance of sampling the dependent lung.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: While bronchoalveolar lavage volumes have traditionally been determined by patient bodyweight, these findings suggest that clinicians should consider the catheter diameter when selecting lavage volumes, although optimal volume guidelines remain to be established. In cases of suspected unilateral disease, positioning the affected lung on the dependent side may increase the chance of sampling the targeted lung.
METHODS: In a prospective randomised study, ten canine cadavers were positioned in either left or right recumbency. Two catheters (8 and 12 Fr) were inserted into the lungs of each cadaver, with the recumbency changed after placement of the first catheter for passage of the second. The frequency with which each catheter was placed in the dependent lung when first passed was determined using CT. The catheter was repositioned if necessary to ensure that one passed into each lung before contrast was instilled. A total of 25 mL of diluted iohexol was instilled per catheter in 5 mL increments, starting with 10 mL. The lungs were scanned using CT with 1-mm slice thickness after each increment. The volume of contrast medium instilled at which it first overflowed beyond a focal region of accumulation was determined by a blinded board-certified radiologist.
RESULTS: The median bodyweight of the cadavers was 21.2 (min 5.0, max 39.4) kg. Overflow volume was positively associated with catheter size (p = 0.012). There was no evidence of a relationship between bodyweight and the overflow volume for the 8 Fr (p = 0.873) or 12 Fr (p = 0.917) catheters. The median overflow volume was 10 (min 10, max 15) mL for the 8 Fr catheter, and 15 mL (min 10, max 25) mL for the 12 Fr catheter. Of the 10 catheters first passed, eight went into the dependent lung, whereas 6/10 of the second catheters passed into the contralateral lung.
CONCLUSION: The volume of lavage solution required to fill the airways distal to the catheter tip may be better determined by the diameter of the catheter than the bodyweight of the dog. Passing the catheter in lateral recumbency may increase the chance of sampling the dependent lung.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: While bronchoalveolar lavage volumes have traditionally been determined by patient bodyweight, these findings suggest that clinicians should consider the catheter diameter when selecting lavage volumes, although optimal volume guidelines remain to be established. In cases of suspected unilateral disease, positioning the affected lung on the dependent side may increase the chance of sampling the targeted lung.