Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2026
Comparison of venous morphology, chronic venous disease stage, and venous symptoms in high-impact activities versus low-impact activities.
СтатьяСравнительное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Béliard Samuel, Mourot Laurent, Thomas Hélène, Tordi Nicolas, Ferreira David
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Regular physical activity is widely recommended to improve venous return and prevent chronic venous disease. However, some guidelines and empirical recommendations distinguish between low-impact (LI) activities, considered beneficial, and high-impact (HI) activities, sometimes discouraged because of their presumed harmful effects on venous valves. These warnings are largely based on historical observations rather than robust scientific evidence. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether HI activities are associated with a higher prevalence of varicose veins compared with LI activities in individuals complying with World Health Organization physical activity recommendations.
METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis was conducted within the VARISPORT cohort. Adults aged 18 to 80 years who reported at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week for a minimum of 6 months were included. Participants were classified into LI activities (cycling, swimming) or HI activities (running, team sports) groups according to their main activity. All participants underwent standardized clinical and Doppler ultrasound examination. The primary outcome was the prevalence of varicose veins, defined as superficial veins >3 mm with pathological reflux. Secondary outcomes included venous symptoms (Carpentier score); Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology classification; and diameters of deep and superficial lower-limb veins.
RESULTS: A total of 161 participants were included (53 LI activities, 108 HI activities). The presence of varicose veins did not significantly differ between the two groups, eight participants (15%) in the LI group and 17 participants (16%) in the HI group (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.39-3.0; P = .99). No significant differences were observed regarding symptoms; Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology stage class distribution; or venous calibers. In multivariate analysis, age over 60 years, family history of varicose veins, and high weekly training volume were independent risk factors, whereas the HI or LI nature of activity was not.
CONCLUSIONS: In individuals meeting World Health Organization physical activity guidelines, HI activities are not associated with a higher prevalence of varicose veins compared with LI activities. These results challenge longstanding recommendations discouraging certain HI exercises and support the promotion of regular physical activity, regardless of its impact level, for the maintenance of venous health.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In this cross-sectional study of 161 physically active adults meeting the World Health Organization recommendations, no significant association was observed between weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing physical activities and the prevalence of varicose veins; venous symptoms; Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology stage; or lower-limb venous diameters assessed by duplex ultrasound.
METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis was conducted within the VARISPORT cohort. Adults aged 18 to 80 years who reported at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week for a minimum of 6 months were included. Participants were classified into LI activities (cycling, swimming) or HI activities (running, team sports) groups according to their main activity. All participants underwent standardized clinical and Doppler ultrasound examination. The primary outcome was the prevalence of varicose veins, defined as superficial veins >3 mm with pathological reflux. Secondary outcomes included venous symptoms (Carpentier score); Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology classification; and diameters of deep and superficial lower-limb veins.
RESULTS: A total of 161 participants were included (53 LI activities, 108 HI activities). The presence of varicose veins did not significantly differ between the two groups, eight participants (15%) in the LI group and 17 participants (16%) in the HI group (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.39-3.0; P = .99). No significant differences were observed regarding symptoms; Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology stage class distribution; or venous calibers. In multivariate analysis, age over 60 years, family history of varicose veins, and high weekly training volume were independent risk factors, whereas the HI or LI nature of activity was not.
CONCLUSIONS: In individuals meeting World Health Organization physical activity guidelines, HI activities are not associated with a higher prevalence of varicose veins compared with LI activities. These results challenge longstanding recommendations discouraging certain HI exercises and support the promotion of regular physical activity, regardless of its impact level, for the maintenance of venous health.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In this cross-sectional study of 161 physically active adults meeting the World Health Organization recommendations, no significant association was observed between weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing physical activities and the prevalence of varicose veins; venous symptoms; Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology stage; or lower-limb venous diameters assessed by duplex ultrasound.