Archives of plastic surgery · 2022
Cystic Salivary Duct Carcinoma Penetrated by Facial Nerve.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Abdlekrim Nidhal Ben, Nabli Mohamed Ali, Dhahbi Wissem, Ceylan Halil İbrahim, Stefanica Valentina, Romdhani Mohamed, Dergaa İsmail, Chamari Karim
Аннотация
AIM: Understanding the physical and physiological demands of female youth basketball is essential for optimizing training and performance monitoring. However, evidence describing match demands in elite U-19 female players, particularly in African contexts, remains limited. Existing profiles are largely derived from male or adult cohorts and may not accurately reflect youth competition. This study aimed to examine the physical and physiological demands of elite North African U-19 female basketball players, considering differences by playing position (guards, forwards, centers) and competitive level (national vs. international).
METHODS: Thirty elite Tunisian U-19 female players (age 18.3 ± 0.2 years, height 1.78 ± 0.05 m, mass 82.9 ± 4.8 kg; 15 national-level, 15 international-level) were monitored during eight playoff games. Video-based time-motion analysis quantified activity frequency and duration across nine movement categories (standing, walking, jogging, running, sprinting, jumping, low/moderate/high-intensity shuffling). Physiological responses included heart rate (HR) monitoring (four intensity zones: <75%, 75-85%, 85-95%, >95% HRmax) and capillary [La] sampling. Two-way ANOVA (position × level) examined main and interaction effects.
RESULTS: International-level players performed significantly more high-intensity activities than national-level players (224.0 ± 5.1 vs. 214.1 ± 5.4; p < 0.001, d = 1.95) and spent more time in maximal HR zones (16.1 ± 0.3% vs. 12.1 ± 0.3%; p < 0.001, d = 13.33), indicating greater fatigue resistance. Guards executed more high-intensity shuffling actions than forwards and centers (p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.92), whereas centers performed more static high-intensity actions and exhibited higher [La] concentrations (5.22 ± 0.15 vs. 4.93 ± 0.13 and 4.64 ± 0.12 mmol L-1; p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.76). High-intensity activity declined from the first to the fourth quarter in both groups (p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.94), with a greater reduction in national-level players (37.0% decline) than international players (31.9% decline). Intra-observer reliability was excellent across all movement categories (ICC ≥ 0.91; CV ≤ 4.6%).
CONCLUSION: U-19 female basketball imposes distinct position-specific demands (guards: high-intensity lateral movements; centers: static exertions and elevated metabolic load) and competitive-level differences (international players: superior fatigue resistance). These findings provide the first quantitative profile of elite African female youth basketball, establishing reference benchmarks for position-specific conditioning and competitive-level progression assessment.
METHODS: Thirty elite Tunisian U-19 female players (age 18.3 ± 0.2 years, height 1.78 ± 0.05 m, mass 82.9 ± 4.8 kg; 15 national-level, 15 international-level) were monitored during eight playoff games. Video-based time-motion analysis quantified activity frequency and duration across nine movement categories (standing, walking, jogging, running, sprinting, jumping, low/moderate/high-intensity shuffling). Physiological responses included heart rate (HR) monitoring (four intensity zones: <75%, 75-85%, 85-95%, >95% HRmax) and capillary [La] sampling. Two-way ANOVA (position × level) examined main and interaction effects.
RESULTS: International-level players performed significantly more high-intensity activities than national-level players (224.0 ± 5.1 vs. 214.1 ± 5.4; p < 0.001, d = 1.95) and spent more time in maximal HR zones (16.1 ± 0.3% vs. 12.1 ± 0.3%; p < 0.001, d = 13.33), indicating greater fatigue resistance. Guards executed more high-intensity shuffling actions than forwards and centers (p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.92), whereas centers performed more static high-intensity actions and exhibited higher [La] concentrations (5.22 ± 0.15 vs. 4.93 ± 0.13 and 4.64 ± 0.12 mmol L-1; p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.76). High-intensity activity declined from the first to the fourth quarter in both groups (p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.94), with a greater reduction in national-level players (37.0% decline) than international players (31.9% decline). Intra-observer reliability was excellent across all movement categories (ICC ≥ 0.91; CV ≤ 4.6%).
CONCLUSION: U-19 female basketball imposes distinct position-specific demands (guards: high-intensity lateral movements; centers: static exertions and elevated metabolic load) and competitive-level differences (international players: superior fatigue resistance). These findings provide the first quantitative profile of elite African female youth basketball, establishing reference benchmarks for position-specific conditioning and competitive-level progression assessment.