Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026
Running Therapy Reorganizes Dynamic Brain Networks Linked to Symptom Improvement in Affective Disorders.
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Lopez Julian Gaviria, Van Wingen Guido, Vriend Chris, Han Laura K M, Labus Jennifer, Knudsen Gitte M, Penninx Brenda W J H
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Exercise therapy reduces depressive and anxiety symptoms, but its neural mechanisms remain unclear. We examined whether running therapy reorganizes dynamic brain functional connectivity in affective disorders (AFFs).
METHODS: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was analyzed at baseline in 66 healthy control participants and 50 individuals with AFFs. Coactivation pattern (CAP) analysis identified recurring whole-brain states and their temporal dynamics. After baseline comparisons, patients received 16 weeks of running therapy or antidepressant treatment. Then, we examined treatment-related CAP changes and their associations with symptom improvement.
RESULTS: At baseline, individuals with AFFs showed fewer occurrences and shorter dwell time of the visual-somatosensory-subcortical CAP (VS-SCCAP) than control participants (both ps ≤ .04, ηp2 ≈ 0.04-0.05). Running therapy induced a treatment-specific reorganization of brain dynamics, with decreased default mode CAP (DMCAP) occurrences (F = 8.18, p = .01, ηp2 = 0.13) and dwell time (F = 11.51, p < .001, ηp2 = 0.19) and increased VS-SCCAP occurrences (F = 8.10, p = .01, ηp2 = 0.13) and entries (F = 5.39, p = .03, ηp2 = 0.08). Greater reductions in DMCAP entries and transitions from DMCAP to VS-SCCAP were associated with greater improvement in anxiety- and fear-related symptoms (ρ = -0.54 to -0.45, all q ≤ .03).
CONCLUSIONS: Running therapy was associated with treatment-specific reorganization of large-scale brain dynamics in AFFs. Symptom improvement was linked to changes in DM CAP dynamics and transitions between DM and VS states.
METHODS: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was analyzed at baseline in 66 healthy control participants and 50 individuals with AFFs. Coactivation pattern (CAP) analysis identified recurring whole-brain states and their temporal dynamics. After baseline comparisons, patients received 16 weeks of running therapy or antidepressant treatment. Then, we examined treatment-related CAP changes and their associations with symptom improvement.
RESULTS: At baseline, individuals with AFFs showed fewer occurrences and shorter dwell time of the visual-somatosensory-subcortical CAP (VS-SCCAP) than control participants (both ps ≤ .04, ηp2 ≈ 0.04-0.05). Running therapy induced a treatment-specific reorganization of brain dynamics, with decreased default mode CAP (DMCAP) occurrences (F = 8.18, p = .01, ηp2 = 0.13) and dwell time (F = 11.51, p < .001, ηp2 = 0.19) and increased VS-SCCAP occurrences (F = 8.10, p = .01, ηp2 = 0.13) and entries (F = 5.39, p = .03, ηp2 = 0.08). Greater reductions in DMCAP entries and transitions from DMCAP to VS-SCCAP were associated with greater improvement in anxiety- and fear-related symptoms (ρ = -0.54 to -0.45, all q ≤ .03).
CONCLUSIONS: Running therapy was associated with treatment-specific reorganization of large-scale brain dynamics in AFFs. Symptom improvement was linked to changes in DM CAP dynamics and transitions between DM and VS states.