Intelligent mode-locked single-cavity dual-comb laser utilizing time-stretch dispersive Fourier transform spectroscopy.

As single-cavity dual combs play a significant role in numerous high-precision measurements, their efficient generation has been widely researched. To achieve stable dual-comb mode locking remains, a two-part evaluation criterion containing a fitness function and a CNN-Transformer network is employed. Simulated time-stretch dispersive Fourier transform (DFT) spectra are used as datasets, which simplify the optimization process and do not rely on specific experimental data. A developed evolutionary algorithm (EA) for paddle-based motorized polarization controllers (MPCs) is proposed, enabling the intelligent attainment of dual-comb mode-locked states. A real-time library stores fitness and MPC angles, facilitating mode-locked state achievement within 2 s. Finally, long-term running of dual-comb mode locking is ensured by a random collision algorithm utilizing an evaluation criterion of weak soliton peaks.