Effect of foot-shaped bionic shoes on ground reaction forces and foot stress at various running speeds.

This study examined ground reaction forces(GRFs) and bone stress differences between bionic running shoes (with foot-mimicking soles) and traditional shoes during running.Sixteen experienced male runners ran at 10, 12, and 14 km/h in both shoe types. Two-way ANOVA and SPM1d showed that bionic shoes had significantly lower peak propulsive but higher peak braking forces than traditional shoes.Bionic shoes also exhibited lower vertical forces in early stance and altered anterior-posterior forces patterns in late stance; finite element analysis indicated lower metatarsal stress in the bionic midsoles. These findings provide insights for designing footwear to prevent running injuries.