Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
Low-latency gravitational wave alert products and their performance at the time of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run.
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Chaudhary Sushant Sharma, Toivonen Andrew, Waratkar Gaurav, Mo Geoffrey, Chatterjee Deep, Antier Sarah, Brockill Patrick, Coughlin Michael W, Essick Reed, Ghosh Shaon, Morisaki Soichiro, Baral Pratyusava, Baylor Amanda, Adhikari Naresh, Brady Patrick, Cabourn Davies Gareth, Dal Canton Tito, Cavaglia Marco, Creighton Jolien, Choudhary Sunil, Chu Yu-Kuang, Clearwater Patrick, Davis Luke, Dent Thomas, Drago Marco, Ewing Becca, Godwin Patrick, Guo Weichangfeng, Hanna Chad, Huxford Rachael, Harry Ian, Katsavounidis Erik, Kovalam Manoj, Li Alvin K Y, Magee Ryan, Marx Ethan, Meacher Duncan, Messick Cody, Morice-Atkinson Xan, Pace Alexander, De Pietri Roberto, Piotrzkowski Brandon, Roy Soumen, Sachdev Surabhi, Singer Leo P, Singh Divya, Szczepanczyk Marek, Tang Daniel, Trevor Max, Tsukada Leo, Villa-Ortega Verónica, Wen Linqing, Wysocki Daniel
Аннотация
Multimessenger searches for binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star-black hole (NSBH) mergers are currently one of the most exciting areas of astronomy. The search for joint electromagnetic and neutrino counterparts to gravitational wave (GW)s has resumed with ALIGO's, AdVirgo's and KAGRA's fourth observing run (O4). To support this effort, public semiautomated data products are sent in near real-time and include localization and source properties to guide complementary observations. In preparation for O4, we have conducted a study using a simulated population of compact binaries and a mock data challenge (MDC) in the form of a real-time replay to optimize and profile the software infrastructure and scientific deliverables. End-toend performance was tested, including data ingestion, running online search pipelines, performing annotations, and issuing alerts to the astrophysics community. We present an overview of the low-latency infrastructure and the performance of the data products that are now being released during O4 based on the MDC. We report the expected median latency for the preliminary alert of full bandwidth searches (29.5 s) and show consistency and accuracy of released data products using the MDC. We report the expected median latency for triggers from early warning searches (-3.1 s), which are new in O4 and target neutron star mergers during inspiral phase. This paper provides a performance overview for LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) low-latency alert infrastructure and data products using theMDCand serves as a useful reference for the interpretation of O4 detections.