Timely opportunities for families and their healthcare providers: a commentary on Pyle et al. (2005).

This commentary on S. A. Pyle, C. K. Haddock, N. Hymowitz, J. Schwab, and S. Meshberg (2005) addresses the complex nature of establishing family rules about exposure to tobacco smoke (ETS). Particular attention is paid to how family rules are established and the challenges in enforcing rules among adult family members. Findings are also discussed in terms of the limits of family rule making and the need for negotiation and conflict resolution. The compounding influence of socioeconomic status and parental education in monitoring ETS deserves serious attention in future research. Healthcare providers are urged to discuss family rules with their patients with an eye toward preventative interventions.