Annals of epidemiology · 2025
Family incarceration and barriers to mental health care among low-income US veterans.
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Testa Alexander, Mijares Luis, Tsai Jack
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Family member incarceration is a risk factor for mental health challenges. However, less research has investigated the relationship between family member incarceration and barriers to mental health services.
METHODS: Data were drawn from the 2023 National Veteran Homeless and Other Poverty Experiences (NV-HOPE) Survey, a nationally representative sample of US veterans living at or below 300 % of the federal poverty level (N = 978). Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between family member incarceration and self-reported barriers to mental health care, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and military service characteristics.
RESULTS: Overall, 42.1 % of veterans reported that a family member had been incarcerated. Veterans with an incarcerated family member had 1.63 times greater odds of reporting any barrier to mental health care (95 % CI: 1.13-2.33). Specific barriers to mental health care reported by these veterans included embarrassment (OR = 2.25, 95 % CI = 1.18, 4.29), being treated differently by peers (OR = 2.51, 95 % CI = 1.24, 5.08), not knowing where to seek help (OR = 2.25, 95 % CI = 1.23, 4.10), inadequate transportation (OR = 7.01, 95 % CI = 2.99, 16.41), difficulty scheduling appointments (OR = 2.84, 95 % CI = 1.65, 4.89), and treatment cost (OR = 1.72, 95 % CI = 1.14, 2.60).
CONCLUSIONS: Family member incarceration is associated with increased barriers to mental health care among low-income US veterans. These findings highlight the potential value of programs within veteran healthcare that address the barriers to mental health access, especially among those with a history of family member incarceration.
METHODS: Data were drawn from the 2023 National Veteran Homeless and Other Poverty Experiences (NV-HOPE) Survey, a nationally representative sample of US veterans living at or below 300 % of the federal poverty level (N = 978). Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between family member incarceration and self-reported barriers to mental health care, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and military service characteristics.
RESULTS: Overall, 42.1 % of veterans reported that a family member had been incarcerated. Veterans with an incarcerated family member had 1.63 times greater odds of reporting any barrier to mental health care (95 % CI: 1.13-2.33). Specific barriers to mental health care reported by these veterans included embarrassment (OR = 2.25, 95 % CI = 1.18, 4.29), being treated differently by peers (OR = 2.51, 95 % CI = 1.24, 5.08), not knowing where to seek help (OR = 2.25, 95 % CI = 1.23, 4.10), inadequate transportation (OR = 7.01, 95 % CI = 2.99, 16.41), difficulty scheduling appointments (OR = 2.84, 95 % CI = 1.65, 4.89), and treatment cost (OR = 1.72, 95 % CI = 1.14, 2.60).
CONCLUSIONS: Family member incarceration is associated with increased barriers to mental health care among low-income US veterans. These findings highlight the potential value of programs within veteran healthcare that address the barriers to mental health access, especially among those with a history of family member incarceration.