Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery · 2026
Modifiable Risk Factors and Hearing Loss: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2020.
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Zheng Yulu, Li Tingting, Wu Zhiyuan, Zhu Yahong, Guo Zheng, Li Xingang
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To explore the associations between major modifiable risk factors and hearing loss.
METHODS: This serial cross-sectional study was conducted within the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2020 in the United States. Associations were assessed using modified Poisson regression and within-sample population attributable fraction (PAF).
RESULTS: Eight thousand seven hundred and seventy adults aged 40-85 years were included in the analyses, the mean (SD) age was 58.0 (11.7) years, with 4002 men (45.6%). Hearing loss was associated with low educational attainment with prevalence ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval (1.15, 1.31); low income 1.11 (1.04, 1.19); diabetes 1.10 (1.03, 1.18); HDL-C dyslipidaemia 1.13 (1.06, 1.21); obesity 1.08 (1.01, 1.15) and tobacco use 1.11 (1.04, 1.19). Within our analysis, over 25% of hearing loss cases were attributed to modifiable risk factors, with low education or income, HDL-C dyslipidaemia, obesity and tobacco use being the leading contributors, though relative rankings varied slightly in survey-weighted analyses.
CONCLUSION: Hearing promotion policies should prioritise related modifiable factors to reduce the burden of hearing loss.
METHODS: This serial cross-sectional study was conducted within the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2020 in the United States. Associations were assessed using modified Poisson regression and within-sample population attributable fraction (PAF).
RESULTS: Eight thousand seven hundred and seventy adults aged 40-85 years were included in the analyses, the mean (SD) age was 58.0 (11.7) years, with 4002 men (45.6%). Hearing loss was associated with low educational attainment with prevalence ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval (1.15, 1.31); low income 1.11 (1.04, 1.19); diabetes 1.10 (1.03, 1.18); HDL-C dyslipidaemia 1.13 (1.06, 1.21); obesity 1.08 (1.01, 1.15) and tobacco use 1.11 (1.04, 1.19). Within our analysis, over 25% of hearing loss cases were attributed to modifiable risk factors, with low education or income, HDL-C dyslipidaemia, obesity and tobacco use being the leading contributors, though relative rankings varied slightly in survey-weighted analyses.
CONCLUSION: Hearing promotion policies should prioritise related modifiable factors to reduce the burden of hearing loss.