The Perceptions and Experiences of Brazilian Primary Caregivers of Preschoolers With Obesity: A Qualitative Study.

INTRODUCTION

Childhood obesity is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions worldwide, particularly among children aged 5 years or younger in low-income settings, and is associated with adverse health outcomes. The study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of primary caregivers of preschool-aged children with obesity living in southern Brazil.

METHODS

A descriptive phenomenological design was employed. In-depth interviews were conducted with 26 participants, and data were analyzed following Colaizzi's seven-step method.

RESULTS

Three themes emerged: (1) normalcy in childhood obesity, reflecting caregivers' underestimation and limited recognition of excess weight; (2) sedentary lifestyles in preschoolers, influenced by safety concerns related to crime and weather; and (3) parental challenges in weight management, including insufficient supervision of sugary drinks and processed food consumption.

DISCUSSIONS: The interplay of cultural beliefs, environmental barriers, and systemic shortcomings of the obesogenic environment confronted by caregivers whose poor health literacy regarding childhood obesity warrants attention.