Factors associated with dental health care behaviors among elderly patients in lower northern Thailand: A case study of Mueang Phitsanulok Health Center.

BACKGROUND

Oral health significantly affects the overall well-being of the elderly, influencing nutrition, communication, and quality of life. Poor oral hygiene can cause infections and dental issues. In Thailand, promoting oral hygiene among the aging population remains a pressing and ongoing public health challenge.

DESIGN AND

METHODS

This study explores the factors influencing oral health care behaviors among elderly individuals at the Phitsanulok Health Center (Buddhachinaraj Hospital) as a case study of lower Northern Thailand. A total of 365 elderly participants were surveyed using a structured questionnaire.

RESULTS

Multiple regression analysis showed that general employment (β = -0.227, p < 0.001), business (β = -0.300, p < 0.001), and government service (β = -0.205, p < 0.001) were negative predictors of oral health care behaviors. In contrast, enabling factors (β = 0.204, p < 0.001), average monthly income (β = 0.200, p < 0.001), and supporting factors (β = 0.142, p = 0.005) had positive effects. These factors together explained 20.02% of the variation in behaviors (p < 0.001), with enabling factors having the strongest influence.

CONCLUSIONS

This study emphasizes the importance of financial security, access to dental care, and social support in maintaining oral health among the elderly. Enhancing affordable dental services is crucial for low-income seniors. The findings suggest further research into factors influencing elderly oral health and strategies to improve care access. Recommendations include reducing dental costs, creating family-centered health initiatives, involving families in oral hygiene, and enacting policies to support low-income elderly individuals.