Journal of affective disorders · 2025
Ten-year working life sequences in women and men following sickness absence due to common mental disorders: A Swedish prospective cohort study.
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Kautzky Alexander, Virtanen Marianna, Alexanderson Kristina, Mittendorfer-Rutz Ellenor, Gémes Katalin
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Rates of long-term sickness absence (SA) spells due to common mental disorders (CMD; depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders) are increasing in Western countries, especially among women. However, little is known about their future SA and work situation. We aimed to identify future working-life sequences among women and men with long-term SA due to CMD.
METHODS: Ten-year sequences of annual working-life states were identified prospectively in individuals in Sweden aged 30-50 years with a new SA spell >90 days with CMD in 2010. Representative typologies were identified with clustering and associations with sex and several covariates were investigated by multinomial regression, yielding odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
RESULTS: The most frequent typology, return to work (RTW), was observed in 49.5% of women and 40.6% of men. Prior SA, a full-time index SA, and low income were inversely associated with the RTW typology in both sexes. Adjusted for covariates and relative to RTW, men had higher odds of a typology described by emigration, severe mental disorders, or death (OR 1.3, CI 1.1-1.4), while women had higher odds of a typology described by recurrent SA (OR 1.3, CI 1.1-1.4). Low income, low educational level, mental comorbidities, and prior SA were negatively associated with RTW in both women and men.
CONCLUSIONS: Roughly half of patients on long-term SA due to CMD showed sustainable RTW. Women more likely experienced RTW but also recurrent SA, while men had higher odds of severe mental disorders or death during a ten-year follow-up period.
METHODS: Ten-year sequences of annual working-life states were identified prospectively in individuals in Sweden aged 30-50 years with a new SA spell >90 days with CMD in 2010. Representative typologies were identified with clustering and associations with sex and several covariates were investigated by multinomial regression, yielding odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
RESULTS: The most frequent typology, return to work (RTW), was observed in 49.5% of women and 40.6% of men. Prior SA, a full-time index SA, and low income were inversely associated with the RTW typology in both sexes. Adjusted for covariates and relative to RTW, men had higher odds of a typology described by emigration, severe mental disorders, or death (OR 1.3, CI 1.1-1.4), while women had higher odds of a typology described by recurrent SA (OR 1.3, CI 1.1-1.4). Low income, low educational level, mental comorbidities, and prior SA were negatively associated with RTW in both women and men.
CONCLUSIONS: Roughly half of patients on long-term SA due to CMD showed sustainable RTW. Women more likely experienced RTW but also recurrent SA, while men had higher odds of severe mental disorders or death during a ten-year follow-up period.