[Infectious risk associated with new biological therapies : an update].

The infectious risk associated with biological agents and targeted therapies is heterogeneous and depends on the immunological target, the underlying disease, host-related factors, and the level of cumulative immunosuppression. It may manifest as an increased frequency or severity of common infections, the occurrence of opportunistic infections, or the reactivation of latent infections. Understanding this risk is essential to implement appropriate preventive strategies, including screening, clinical and biological monitoring, optimization of vaccination status, and targeted prophylaxis. In high-risk patients, referral to a specialist consultation may be warranted. The aim of this article, an update of the 2020 publication, is to provide practical guidance on managing infectious risk in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapies.