Optimization Strategies for Post Lung Transplant Immunosuppressive Therapy: From Basic Protocols to New Advances in Personalized Management.

Lung transplantation, as an important treatment for end-stage lung disease, significantly improves patients' quality of life and prognosis. However, optimizing postoperative immunosuppressive therapy remains a major challenge in clinical practice, particularly in balancing transplant rejection and infection risks. Current research shows that traditional immunosuppressive protocols have limitations in addressing the individual needs of different patients, leading to increased adverse reactions and transplant failure rates. Therefore, this article reviews the latest advancements in postlung transplant immunosuppressive therapy, focusing on the selection of basic immunosuppressive protocols, optimization of drug combinations, and formulation of personalized treatment strategies. The article also discusses individualized therapy guided by immune monitoring biomarkers, the application of novel immunosuppressive drugs, and precision management strategies for patients with varying immune risks, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for clinical practice to enhance the long-term survival rates and quality of life of lung transplant patients.