Community-based physical activity and nutrition interventions in low-income and/or rural older adults: A scoping review.

The objective of this review was to identify evidence-based, community-based physical activity (PA) and nutrition-based programs aimed at facilitating health behaviour change among low-income older adults and/or those living in rural/remote areas. This review followed the scoping review methodology proposed by Arksey & O'Malley. The Michie behaviour change wheel was used to categorize intervention types. Of the 2954 retrieved citations, 25 articles met the inclusion criteria. All study interventions demonstrated positive outcomes, including improvements in fruit and vegetable consumption, PA levels, physical function and nutrition knowledge. Study findings highlight that PA and nutrition-based interventions can be effective to facilitate behavior change in low-income and/or rural older adults. Limited research exists looking specifically at older adults living in rural communities, with only two of the 25 included articles including rural study populations.