Individuals' positive gains from the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study across 30 countries.
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Li Jiaying, Davidson Patricia M, Fong Daniel Yee Tak, Li Yaqin, Lok Kris Yuet Wan, Wong Janet Yuen Ha, Man Ho Mandy, Choi Edmond Pui Hang, Pandian Vinciya, Duan Wenjie, Tarrant Marie, Lee Jung Jae, Lin Chia-Chin, Akingbade Oluwadamilare, Alabdulwahhab Khalid M, Ahmad Mohammad Shakil, Alboraie Mohamed, Alzahrani Meshari A, Bilimale Anil S, Boonpatcharanon Sawitree, Byiringiro Samuel, Hasan Muhammad Kamil Che, Schettini Luisa Clausi, Corzo Walter, De Leon Josephine M, De Leon Anjanette S, Deek Hiba, Efficace Fabio, El Nayal Mayssah A, El-Raey Fathiya, Ensaldo-Carrasco Eduardo, Escotorin Pilar, Fadodun Oluwadamilola Agnes, Fawole Israel Opeyemi, Goh Yong-Shian Shawn, Irawan Devi, Khan Naimah Ebrahim, Koirala Binu, Krishna Ashish, Kwok Cannas, Le Tung Thanh, Leal Daniela Giambruno, Lezana-Fernández Miguel Ángel, Manirambona Emery, Mantoani Leandro Cruz, Meneses-González Fernando, Mohamed Iman Elmahdi, Mukeshimana Madeleine, Nguyen Chinh Thi Minh, Nguyen Huong Thi Thanh, Nguyen Khanh Thi, Nguyen Son Truong, Nurumal Mohd Said, Nzabonimana Aimable, Omer Nagla Abdelrahim Mohamed Ahmed, Ogungbe Oluwabunmi, Poon Angela Chiu Yin, Reséndiz-Rodriguez Areli, Puang-Ngern Busayasachee, Sagun Ceryl G, Shaik Riyaz Ahmed, Shankar Nikhil Gauri, Sommer Kathrin, Toro Edgardo, Tran Hanh Thi Hong, Urgel Elvira L, Uwiringiyimana Emmanuel, Vanichbuncha Tita, Youssef Naglaa
Аннотация
METHODS: We used a global qualitative approach to survey adults over 18 from 30 countries across six World Health Organization (WHO) regions, who detailed up to three personal positive gains from COVID-19 pandemic via an open-ended question. Inductive thematic analysis was employed to identify main themes, and quantitative methods were used for demographic and regional comparisons based on the percentage of responses for each theme.
RESULTS: From 35 911 valid responses provided by 13 853 participants, six main themes (one negative theme), 39 subthemes, and 673 codes were identified. Five positive gain themes emerged, ordered by response frequency: 1) improved health awareness and practices; 2) strengthened social bonds and trust; 3) multi-dimensional personal growth; 4) resilience and preparedness building; 5) accelerated digital transformation. The percentage of responses under these themes consistently appeared in the same order across various demographic groups and economic development levels. However, there were variations in the predominant theme across WHO regions and countries, with either Theme 1, Theme 2, or Theme 3 having the highest percentage of responses. Although our study primarily focused on positive gains, unexpectedly, 12% of responses (4304) revealed 'negative gains', leading to an unforeseen theme: 'Distrust and emerging vulnerabilities.' While this deviates from our main topic, we retained it as it provides valuable insights. Notably, these 'negative gains' had a higher percentage of responses in areas like Burundi (94.1%), Rwanda (31.8%), Canada (26.9%), and in the African Region (37.7%) and low-income (43.9%) countries, as well as among non-binary individuals, those with lower education, and those facing employment challenges.
CONCLUSIONS: Globally, the identified diverse positive gains guide the domains in which health policies and practices can transform these transient benefits into enduring improvements for a healthier, more resilient society. However, variations in thematic responses across demographics, countries, and regions highlights need for tailored health strategies.