Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2011
Socio-economic determinants of drugged driving--a register-based study.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Karjalainen Karoliina, Lintonen Tomi, Impinen Antti, Lillsunde Pirjo, Mäkelä Pia, Rahkonen Ossi, Haukka Jari, Ostamo Aini
Аннотация
AIMS: To examine the associations between socio-economic characteristics and driving under the influence of drugs (DUID), and to elaborate determinants of drugged driving.
DESIGN: A register-based case-control study.
SETTING: Finland.
PARTICIPANTS: Cases (n = 5859) apprehended by the police and suspected of DUID during 1993-2006 and controls (n = 74 809) drawn from the general Finnish population.
MEASUREMENTS: The effects of parents' and own education, urbanization of municipality, socio-economic position (SEP), main activity, income, marital status and living arrangements on DUID were estimated using logistic regression analysis. The analyses were conducted separately for men and women, age groups of under 45 years and aged 45 or over, and for substance groups of benzodiazepines only, benzodiazepines with alcohol, amphetamines and cannabinoids.
FINDINGS: Low education, unemployment, disability pension, being divorced and living alone were the strongest individual predictors of DUID in all substance groups. Illicit drug users were more disadvantaged compared to those in the benzodiazepines groups. Contrary to other substance and age groups, higher educational level and higher SEP were associated with DUID among benzodiazepine users aged 45 or over.
CONCLUSIONS: A disadvantaged social background is a significant predictor of driving while under the influence of drugs for all substance use groups in Finland. The gradient is greater for amphetamines and cannabinoids than benzodiazepines.
DESIGN: A register-based case-control study.
SETTING: Finland.
PARTICIPANTS: Cases (n = 5859) apprehended by the police and suspected of DUID during 1993-2006 and controls (n = 74 809) drawn from the general Finnish population.
MEASUREMENTS: The effects of parents' and own education, urbanization of municipality, socio-economic position (SEP), main activity, income, marital status and living arrangements on DUID were estimated using logistic regression analysis. The analyses were conducted separately for men and women, age groups of under 45 years and aged 45 or over, and for substance groups of benzodiazepines only, benzodiazepines with alcohol, amphetamines and cannabinoids.
FINDINGS: Low education, unemployment, disability pension, being divorced and living alone were the strongest individual predictors of DUID in all substance groups. Illicit drug users were more disadvantaged compared to those in the benzodiazepines groups. Contrary to other substance and age groups, higher educational level and higher SEP were associated with DUID among benzodiazepine users aged 45 or over.
CONCLUSIONS: A disadvantaged social background is a significant predictor of driving while under the influence of drugs for all substance use groups in Finland. The gradient is greater for amphetamines and cannabinoids than benzodiazepines.
Предметные рубрики MeSH
AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAlcoholic IntoxicationAmphetaminesAutomobile DrivingBenzodiazepinesCannabinoidsCase-Control StudiesFemaleFinlandHumansLaw EnforcementLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedRegistriesResidence CharacteristicsSocial ClassSocioeconomic FactorsSubstance Abuse DetectionSubstance-Related DisordersYoung Adult