Desire for autonomy in health care decisions: a general population survey.

OBJECTIVE

To examine factors associated with desire for autonomy in health care decisions in the general population.

METHODS

Mailed survey of 2348 residents of Geneva, Switzerland. Participants answered questions on a scale measuring their desire for autonomy in health care decisions. The scale was scored between 0 (lowest desire for autonomy) and 100 (highest desire for autonomy).

RESULTS

On average the respondents favoured shared or active involvement in medical decisions (mean score 62.0, SD 20.9), but attitudes varied considerably. In the multivariate model, factors associated with a higher desire for autonomy included female gender, younger age, higher education, living alone, reporting an excellent global health and - a new observation compared to previous studies - having made several medical decisions in the past 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS

The attitudes of the general public appear to be consistent with the model of shared decision making. However, people vary considerably in their desire for autonomy.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: An explicit assessment of each individual's desire for autonomy may improve the decision-making process. Such an assessment should be repeated regularly, as familiarity with medical decisions may increase the desire for autonomy.