Examining social identity transition from a relational perspective: a qualitative study across treatment and non-treatment pathways.

BACKGROUND

Relational rather than individualistic understandings of recovery in the context of alcohol and other drug (AOD) problems have gained recognition. Social identity models, such as the Social Identity Model of Recovery (SIMOR) highlight recovery as a process of social identity transformation. However, these developments are primarily grounded in treatment and peer support settings, potentially underemphasizing the complex dynamics of social identity processes across alternative recovery pathways. Informed by critical drug studies and a relational recovery perspective, the current study contributes to a more nuanced and contextually sensitive understanding of social identity processes across diverse recovery pathways.

METHODS

This study consists of a secondary thematic analysis of two independently collected datasets comprising in-depth interviews of participants in addiction recovery with (n = 15) and without (n = 15) addiction treatment histories. SIMOR was used as a sensitizing concept for the analysis.

RESULTS

Three themes emerged from the analysis: (1) Substance use and narrowing networks: participants often experienced reduced social ties while experiencing AOD problems, though not universally or completely; (2) Transformations in social networks during recovery: recovery coincided with shifts in social networks, including redefined relationships with people who use drugs (PWUD) and the development of multiple identities; and (3) Accessibility of social identities: highlighting the role of stigma, difference, and structural factors in shaping connection and belonging.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings support a relational and pluralistic approach to recovery and social identity. This approach challenges normative assumptions and acknowledges diversity and social complexity in recovery trajectories.