Fearful birth? So what's new?

Significant fear of birth (tocophobia) appears to be increasing, coinciding with an increase in requests for non-medical indication caesarean section. It can arise from previous birth trauma, or be present in late childhood or early adulthood prior to pregnancy. This article explores some of its origins, presentations, effects and the importance of using a midwifery model of care with referral to specialist services as appropriate, to facilitate a positive birth experience which will enhance the woman's wellbeing and family life.