[Prevention and treatment of venous thromboses and thromboembolism: pentasaccharides as novel anticoagulants selectively blocking Xe factor, their position and potential (data of the XIX International Congress on Thromboses and Hemostasis)].

Drug prevention and treatment of venous thromboses and thromboembolism remain a serious problem in the management of surgical and therapeutic patients. Pentasaccharides, novel anticoagulants selectively blocking Xe factor have a great potential for their use in the given area. It has been demonstrated at the preliminary stages of the study of these antithrombotic agents that their pharmacokinetics permits subcutaneous drug injection once a day (for fondaparinux) and once for 7 days (for indraparinux) without the necessity of making routine coagulologic control. The drugs are marked by bioavailability approximating 100%, linear dose-dependent pharmacokinetic profile at subcutaneous injection; they do not undergo metabolism and are excreted largely with urine. Fondaparinux, the first representative of this class anticoagulants, has evidence for the effectiveness and safety, obtained in large randomized studies carried out in orthopedic and traumatologic patients. The given paper reports the new positive data on evaluation of the preventive action of fondaparinux in therapeutic subjects end patients who had undergone abdominal surgical interventions. Moreover, in large comparative studies , this anticoagulant did yield to the standard agents applied to the treatment of thrombosis of the deep veins and thromboembolism of pulmonary artery branches. Being more handy in use fondaparinux is capable of replacing antithrombotic agents (without efficacy and safety loss) used nowadays for preventive and therapeutic purposes. In the event of successful completion of the evaluation of idraparinux, another pentasaccharide intended for many months of anticoagulant treatment, the goal-oriented use of pentasaccharides is potentially capable of supplanting all the "old" antithrombotic agents from the schedule of the short-term and prolonged prevention and treatment of venous thromboses and thromboembolism.