Investigation of the sero-epidemiology of vaccine preventable diseases and common viral infections in French populations.

BACKGROUND

Vaccine-preventable diseases and common viral infections pose substantial public health challenges worldwide. Applying multiplex serological assays to samples collected from cross-sectional studies allows assessment of population-level immunity to a broad range of pathogens.

METHODS

We develop a high-throughput multiplex serological assay using bead-based Luminex technology to measure IgG antibody responses to a broad panel of pathogens. Vaccine preventable diseases include pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus, measles, mumps, and rubella. Common viral infections include adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, chickenpox, respiratory syncytial virus, echovirus, Coxsackie B virus, rhinovirus, norovirus, rotavirus, influenza A, hepatitis A, hepatitis E, and the seasonal coronaviruses 229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1. Measured antibody responses are analysed with statistical models to assess seroprevalence within the French population.

RESULTS

The analysis of 2132 serum samples from French children and adults reveals notable variation in seroprevalence among different age groups. Consistently high seroprevalence for endemic viruses is observed across all age groups, suggesting widespread exposure from a young age and continuous exposure throughout life. Similarly, mandatory vaccine seroprevalence remains consistently high, reflecting a strong vaccination coverage in France.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings highlight the potential of high-throughput multiplex serology assays for routine surveillance of common viral infections and assessment of vaccine coverage.