Precision-Arranged DNA Origami Plasmonic Nanoantennas for Multidimensional Smart-Warning of Weightlessness Induced Bone Loss.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) shows promise for monitoring health during space missions, particularly in assessing the effects of microgravity and radiation. However, traditional SERS sensors struggle with precise interfacial engineering, leading to a relatively poor assembly efficiency, and are unable to meet the practical needs of extreme spaceflight environments. To address this, it is designed and fabricated precision-arranged DNA origami plasmonic nanoantennas. By leveraging DNA origami's addressability, it is built a 3 × 4 antenna array with a controlled spacing of 21.76 nm, enhancing assembly efficiency fourfold compared to disordered systems. The ordered system enabled accurate detection of calcium ions, interleukin-6, and microRNA-214 in serum from mice exposed to microgravity and radiation, with intraclass correlation coefficients > 0.75, comparable to ELISA and qPCR. More importantly, integrating the system with a convolutional neural network enabled precise bone health prediction. This platform provides a promising tool for astronaut health monitoring.