Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025
The correlation between sanction adjustments and drunk-driving violations and related outcomes in Taiwan: A nationwide interrupted time series analysis.
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Kuo Ling-Wei, Liao Chien-An, Cheng Chi-Tung, Liao Chien-Hung, Hsu Chih-Po, Fu Chih-Yuan, Kang Shih-Ching, Olin Brett, Yang Chun-Shiang, Huang Jen-Fu
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Drunk-driving accounts for a significant portion of traffic crashes in Taiwan. From 2008 to 2013, both the Taiwan Legislative Yuan and the federal administrative agencies collaborated to increase drunk-driving penalties. This study aimed to determine whether these sanction changes are associated with changes in the incidence of drunk-driving and subsequent hospital admissions.
DESIGN: Exploratory retrospective cohort study.
SETTING: Taiwan.
PARTICIPANTS: All traffic crashes involving drunk-driving violations and every involved individual from 2003 to 2019 in Taiwan.
MEASUREMENTS: Interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) method was used to examine the effects of the three policy interventions in January 2008, December 2011 and June 2013. The numbers of drunk-driving crashes, drunk-driving casualties, drunk-driving-related admissions, drunk-driving-related major traumas, drunk-driving-related deaths and drunk-driving-related medical expenses in different time segments were compared to evaluate the effect of each policy intervention. All three policy initiatives increased drunk-driving penalties, and there were no intervening policy changes that reduced said penalties.
FINDINGS: From January 2003 to January 2008, the numbers of all drunk-driving-related outcomes gradually increased. After the first penalty adjustment, the reported number of drunk-driving crashes had a sudden decrease (1632 in January 2008 to 1374 crashes in February 2008, β2 = -0.146, P < 0.001), but the overall trend continued upward (β3 = -0.001, P = 0.111). However, after the second policy intervention, drunk-driving crashes began trending downward rapidly (β5 = -0.021, P < 0.001). Finally, after the third adjustment, the trend of drunk-driving crashes continued to decrease, but the slope became significantly milder (β7 = 0.009, P < 0.001). Most of the target outcomes followed a similar trend as the drunk-driving crashes, except for the number of deaths caused by drunk-driving, which demonstrated a statistically significant decline after the first adjustment (β3 = -0.006, P = 0.007).
CONCLUSIONS: Increasing the fine and maximum incarceration periods for drunk-driving in Taiwan appears to be associated with a reduction of the number of drunk-driving crashes and other related outcomes; however, the decrease in drunk-driving crashes diminished over time, especially after the third sanction change in 2013.
DESIGN: Exploratory retrospective cohort study.
SETTING: Taiwan.
PARTICIPANTS: All traffic crashes involving drunk-driving violations and every involved individual from 2003 to 2019 in Taiwan.
MEASUREMENTS: Interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) method was used to examine the effects of the three policy interventions in January 2008, December 2011 and June 2013. The numbers of drunk-driving crashes, drunk-driving casualties, drunk-driving-related admissions, drunk-driving-related major traumas, drunk-driving-related deaths and drunk-driving-related medical expenses in different time segments were compared to evaluate the effect of each policy intervention. All three policy initiatives increased drunk-driving penalties, and there were no intervening policy changes that reduced said penalties.
FINDINGS: From January 2003 to January 2008, the numbers of all drunk-driving-related outcomes gradually increased. After the first penalty adjustment, the reported number of drunk-driving crashes had a sudden decrease (1632 in January 2008 to 1374 crashes in February 2008, β2 = -0.146, P < 0.001), but the overall trend continued upward (β3 = -0.001, P = 0.111). However, after the second policy intervention, drunk-driving crashes began trending downward rapidly (β5 = -0.021, P < 0.001). Finally, after the third adjustment, the trend of drunk-driving crashes continued to decrease, but the slope became significantly milder (β7 = 0.009, P < 0.001). Most of the target outcomes followed a similar trend as the drunk-driving crashes, except for the number of deaths caused by drunk-driving, which demonstrated a statistically significant decline after the first adjustment (β3 = -0.006, P = 0.007).
CONCLUSIONS: Increasing the fine and maximum incarceration periods for drunk-driving in Taiwan appears to be associated with a reduction of the number of drunk-driving crashes and other related outcomes; however, the decrease in drunk-driving crashes diminished over time, especially after the third sanction change in 2013.