Needle and Syringe Programs in Prisons: Victoria's "Problematic" Policy Position.

With high rates of blood-borne virus infection in Australian prisons, a needle and syringe program (NSP) stands ready to deliver similar benefits to its community counterpart. Supplying sterile injecting equipment and safe-use guidance in prisons could improve prisoner health outcomes and the safety of the corrections system. Yet, despite the protestations of public health experts and the recommendations of State, national, and international bodies, Australian States and Territories refuse to implement prison-based NSPs, with serious consequences for prisoner health. This article focuses on the Australian State of Victoria as a case study representative of other jurisdictions. Victoria's inaction is arguably in breach of international standards and the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities, but less likely to constitute a breach of the common law duty of care. Undertaking a legal analysis of these areas, this article examines the potential of each area to support the case for reform of the Victorian Government's policy on a prison-based NSP. Looking ahead, this article suggests reforms to ensure the proper functioning and administration of prison NSPs.