The death toll of French former prisoners.

Several studies have documented that ex-prisoners are at higher risk of death than the general population but only one study, concerning one single prison, has examined the French case. This study relies on a nationally representative sample of all inmates released from French prisons between June and December 2002. A linkage between two administrative databases makes it possible to study mortality within 5 years after release. The magnitude of ex-prisoners' excess mortality is similar to that observed in other studies. The standardized mortality ratio is 3.6 (95% CI 3.1-4.1). Excess mortality after release is especially high between the ages of 30 and 50. Inmates incarcerated for at least 5 years have lower risks of dying (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9). We also find that adjusted sentences are protective (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.3-0.9).