Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2025
The relationship between COVID-19 and opioid-related emergency department visits in Alberta, Canada: an interrupted time series analysis.
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Speed Kelsey A, Bwala Hauwa, Gehring Nicole D, Ahmed Marawan, Dong Kathryn, Lail Parabhdeep, Twan Shanell, Harvey Gillian, McLane Patrick, Salvalaggio Ginetta, Wild T Cameron, Dmitrienko Klaudia, Hathaway Joshua, Hyshka Elaine
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Emergency departments (EDs) are important health care access points for people who use drugs (PWUD), but little is known about whether the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with changes in opioid-related emergency presentations. We investigated whether (1) the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with any change in average rates of opioid-related ED visits in Alberta; and (2) this varied across regions with different COVID-19 case rates.
METHODS: We conducted maximum-likelihood interrupted time series analyses to compare opioid-related ED visits during the "prepandemic period" (3 March 2019-1 March 2020) and the "pandemic period" (2 March 2020-14 March 2021).
RESULTS: There were 8883 and 11 657 opioid-related ED visits during the prepandemic and pandemic periods, respectively. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increase in opioid-related ED visits (Edmonton: IRR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.30- 1.44, p < 0.05; Calgary: IRR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07-1.20, p < 0.05; Other health zones: IRR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07-1.21, p < 0.05). Changing COVID-19 case counts did not correspond with changing rates of opioid-related ED visits across regions.
CONCLUSION: The increase in opioid-related ED visits associated with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was unrelated to COVID-19 case prevalence in Alberta.
METHODS: We conducted maximum-likelihood interrupted time series analyses to compare opioid-related ED visits during the "prepandemic period" (3 March 2019-1 March 2020) and the "pandemic period" (2 March 2020-14 March 2021).
RESULTS: There were 8883 and 11 657 opioid-related ED visits during the prepandemic and pandemic periods, respectively. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increase in opioid-related ED visits (Edmonton: IRR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.30- 1.44, p < 0.05; Calgary: IRR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07-1.20, p < 0.05; Other health zones: IRR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07-1.21, p < 0.05). Changing COVID-19 case counts did not correspond with changing rates of opioid-related ED visits across regions.
CONCLUSION: The increase in opioid-related ED visits associated with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic was unrelated to COVID-19 case prevalence in Alberta.