Serotonergic Regulation of Nicotine Addiction: Receptor-specific Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.

INTRODUCTION

Nicotine dependence remains a global health burden with high relapse rates despite the availability of pharmacological aids. Emerging evidence implicates serotonin (5- HT) receptors in nicotine addiction and withdrawal.

METHODS

This review synthesizes preclinical and clinical findings on the roles of key 5-HT receptor subtypes-5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, 5-HT3, 5-HT4, and 5-HT6-in nicotine-related behaviors, with a focus on their therapeutic implications.

RESULTS

Current evidence suggests that specific 5-HT receptors contribute differentially to nicotine dependence and withdrawal. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) have shown limited clinical efficacy, while selective targeting of receptor subtypes, particularly 5-HT2C, demonstrates more consistent benefits in reducing nicotine-seeking and relapse.

DISCUSSION: Serotonergic mechanisms play a critical role in nicotine dependence. Targeted modulation of 5-HT receptor subtypes, especially 5-HT2C, may offer promising avenues for developing more effective smoking cessation therapies.

CONCLUSION

Higher SUA/SCr levels were associated with better prognosis in females.