Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
Association Between Smoking Cessation Duration and Heated Tobacco Product Use Among People Who Formerly or Never Used Combustible Cigarettes in Korea.
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Cheon Eunsil, Cho Sung-Il
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Heated tobacco products (HTPs) have rapidly expanded in South Korea since their introduction in 2017. Their potential association with nicotine product use behaviors among people who formerly used combustible cigarettes (PWFU-CC) and people who have never used CC (PWNU-CC) raises concerns. We assessed the prevalence and correlates of current HTP use among PWFU-CC and PWNU-CC, with a specific focus on cessation duration.
METHODS: We analyzed 26 285 adults(≥19 years) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2023) who responded to ever-use questions for HTPs and CCs. Primary analytic groups were PWFU-CC (n = 5607) and PWNU-CC (n = 16 428). PWFU-CC were categorized into pre- and post-2017 groups, with the latter stratified by cessation duration (≤1 month, >1-6 months, >6-12 months, >12-24 months, and > 24 months). Weighted univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used.
RESULTS: Current HTP use among PWFU-CC increased from 6.9% in 2019 to 9.8% in 2023. Among post-2017 quitters, prevalence increased with longer abstinence (11.6% for ≤1 month vs 27.5% for 12-24 months). Adjusted odds were highest among those who quit for 12-24 months (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.53-2.84), followed by the 6-12 months group (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.17-2.57).
CONCLUSIONS: HTP use is increasing among PWFU-CC in South Korea, particularly with longer abstinence. Continued surveillance and tailored cessation interventions are necessary to address the increasing HTP use among PWFU-CC.
IMPLICATIONS: This study identifies patterns consistent with higher odds of current heated tobacco product (HTP) use among people who formerly used combustible cigarettes (PWFU-CC), particularly those with longer cessation durations. These findings highlight the importance of extending cessation support beyond people who currently use CC to include PWFU-CC. Public health surveillance should systematically monitor HTP use among PWFU-CC, and tobacco control policies should consider regulatory and educational strategies that specifically address novel nicotine products to better safeguard long-term cessation outcomes.
METHODS: We analyzed 26 285 adults(≥19 years) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2023) who responded to ever-use questions for HTPs and CCs. Primary analytic groups were PWFU-CC (n = 5607) and PWNU-CC (n = 16 428). PWFU-CC were categorized into pre- and post-2017 groups, with the latter stratified by cessation duration (≤1 month, >1-6 months, >6-12 months, >12-24 months, and > 24 months). Weighted univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used.
RESULTS: Current HTP use among PWFU-CC increased from 6.9% in 2019 to 9.8% in 2023. Among post-2017 quitters, prevalence increased with longer abstinence (11.6% for ≤1 month vs 27.5% for 12-24 months). Adjusted odds were highest among those who quit for 12-24 months (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.53-2.84), followed by the 6-12 months group (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.17-2.57).
CONCLUSIONS: HTP use is increasing among PWFU-CC in South Korea, particularly with longer abstinence. Continued surveillance and tailored cessation interventions are necessary to address the increasing HTP use among PWFU-CC.
IMPLICATIONS: This study identifies patterns consistent with higher odds of current heated tobacco product (HTP) use among people who formerly used combustible cigarettes (PWFU-CC), particularly those with longer cessation durations. These findings highlight the importance of extending cessation support beyond people who currently use CC to include PWFU-CC. Public health surveillance should systematically monitor HTP use among PWFU-CC, and tobacco control policies should consider regulatory and educational strategies that specifically address novel nicotine products to better safeguard long-term cessation outcomes.