National journal of maxillofacial surgery · 2025
Clinicopathological features of oral potentially malignant disorders among tobacco users and nonusers.
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Khan Abbas Saleem, Ahmad Shahzad, Khan Zafar Ali, Nisar Muhammad, Shafiq Fiza, Naushin Tehmina, Iqbal Fatima, Bashir Nasiha, Issrani Rakhi, Prabhu Namdeo
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate and report the clinicopathological features of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) among tobacco users and nonusers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional, study was conducted from April 2016 to September 2021 and composed of patients diagnosed with OPMDs. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of 100 cases were assessed based on the WHO 2005 classification system, namely, epithelial precursor lesions and the binary system of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare different categorical variables related to OPMDs.
RESULTS: The male-to-female ratio of OPMD cases was 1.5:1, and the mean age at presentation was 55.7 ± 14.15 (P < 0.031). The most typical OPMD identified was oral leukoplakia (N = 46; 46.0%). Most of the OPMDs were classified histologically as oral epithelial hyperplasia (N = 61; 61.0%) and the remaining (N = 39; 39.0%) as OED. Of the 39 OPMDs with OED, 17 (43.6%) and 22 (56.4%) were categorized as low-risk and highrisk lesions, respectively. The OPMDs and tobacco use characteristics were shown to be significantly related.
CONCLUSION: A major risk factor for the development of OPMDs is the regular use of tobacco products. Tobacco users made up not only the largest proportion of OPMDs without OED but also OED cases with high-risk lesions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional, study was conducted from April 2016 to September 2021 and composed of patients diagnosed with OPMDs. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of 100 cases were assessed based on the WHO 2005 classification system, namely, epithelial precursor lesions and the binary system of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare different categorical variables related to OPMDs.
RESULTS: The male-to-female ratio of OPMD cases was 1.5:1, and the mean age at presentation was 55.7 ± 14.15 (P < 0.031). The most typical OPMD identified was oral leukoplakia (N = 46; 46.0%). Most of the OPMDs were classified histologically as oral epithelial hyperplasia (N = 61; 61.0%) and the remaining (N = 39; 39.0%) as OED. Of the 39 OPMDs with OED, 17 (43.6%) and 22 (56.4%) were categorized as low-risk and highrisk lesions, respectively. The OPMDs and tobacco use characteristics were shown to be significantly related.
CONCLUSION: A major risk factor for the development of OPMDs is the regular use of tobacco products. Tobacco users made up not only the largest proportion of OPMDs without OED but also OED cases with high-risk lesions.