[Efectividad de la citisiniclina y diagnóstico precoz de EPOC en la atención integral al fumador: protocolo de investigación].

OBJECTIVE: Smoking is a chronic addictive disease with high morbidity and mortality, and its consumption patterns vary by sex. Among its many associated pathologies, smoking is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It represents the principal Public Health issue in our country and a global epidemic. Its treatment encompasses the use of pharmacological therapies for nicotine dependence, cognitive-behavioural interventions, and fundamental Public Health measures aimed at promoting health and preventing initiation. Since 2023, cytisinicline has been available as a publicly funded active ingredient for smoking cessation. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cytisinicline and explore the benefits of pulmonary function tests for the early detection of smoking-related pulmonary diseases.

METHODS: A prospective observational study will be conducted with convenience sampling in primary care patients attempting to quit smoking with cytisinicline, involving continuous follow-up and interventions based on an integrated care pathway. Abstinence will be measured at three, six, and twelve months, alongside assessments of pharmacological adherence, the presence of adverse effects, and their relationship with sex and other personal and smoking-related factors.

CONCLUSIONS: This study provides an important opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of cytisinicline for smoking cessation in real-world conditions, while addressing the underdiagnosis of COPD by optimising the use of spirometry in primary care.