[Analysis of the vaccination status and trends of the herpes zoster vaccine in Shandong Province from 2020 to 2024].

Objective

To analyze the current status and changing trends of herpes zoster vaccination in Shandong Province from 2020 to 2024 and provide a reference for the prevention and control of herpes zoster in the population.

Methods

The first dose of herpes zoster vaccine was collected from the Immunization Information System of Shandong Province from 2020 to 2024, and vaccination coverage was calculated based on population data. The temporal trend in vaccination coverage was analyzed using Joinpoint 5.3.0.

Results

The vaccination coverage of the herpes zoster vaccine in Shandong Province showed an upward trend from 2021 to 2024 [average annual percentage change (AAPC)=46.48%, P=0.065], with the highest in 2023 (0.084%). The vaccination coverage of females was higher than that of males, but the growth rate of male vaccination coverage (AAPC=48.95%, P=0.057) was slightly higher than that of females (AAPC=45.11%, P=0.074). The vaccination coverage in regions with high gross domestic product (GDP) had a turning point in 2022, with rapid growth in 2021-2022 [annual percentage change (APC)=70.75%, P=0.028], and a flat growth rate in 2022-2024 (APC=4.91%, P=0.737), with the highest vaccination coverage in 2023 (0.094%). The growth rate of vaccination coverage in regions with medium GDP (AAPC=62.48%, P=0.039) and low GDP (AAPC=64.40%, P=0.040) was faster than that in regions with high GDP (AAPC=23.41%, P=0.037). The vaccination coverage was highest in the 50-59 age group, with the turning point in 2022. From 2021 to 2022, it increased rapidly (APC=128.03%, P=0.028), and from 2022 to 2024 (APC=5.68%, P=0.743), the growth rate tended to be flat. The growth trend in vaccination coverage in the 70-79 age group (AAPC=54.17%, P=0.024) and the 80- age group (AAPC=59.15%, P=0.028) was relatively fast.

Conclusions

Herpes zoster vaccination coverage showed an upward trend in Shandong Province from 2020 to 2024, and vaccination coverage among the middle-aged population aged 50 to 69 has increased significantly. However, it is important to focus on increasing vaccination coverage in economically underdeveloped areas, among males, and older age groups.